INBDE PHARMACOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PASS
GUARANTEED LATEST UPDATE
Environment in which local anesthetics are most effectively able to diffuse
intracellularly? - Answer- Basic tissues un-ionized form
What type of ion channel do local anesthetics block? - Answer- Sodium
Duration of action of a drug is dependent on - Answer- Protein binding capacity
The higher/lower the binding capacity, the longer the duration of action - Answer- Higher
If local anesthetic X has longer duration of action than Y, what might you expect for drug
X? - Answer- Greater affinity for protein binding for drug X
IF local anesthetic X has less protein binding and a lower pKA, what might you expect
about drug X compared to drug Y? - Answer- Less pKA = faster onset
Less protein binding = shorter duration of action
Which local anesthetic is most likely cause an allergic reaction?
Lido, articaine, prilocaine, and tetracaine? - Answer- Tetracaine
MOA of cocaine - Answer- Blocks reputable of monoamines
Pt with infection and inflammation will cause acidic environment, which _____
increases/ decreases the efficacy of local anesthetic - Answer- Decreases
Which anesthetic have the longest duration of action? - Answer- Bupivacaine with
1:200k epi
How many mg of lidocaine are in 2 cartridge of 2% lidocaine with 1:100k epinephrine -
Answer- 72 mg
Topical anesthetics used in dentistry? - Answer- Benzocaine
Where in the Brain does cocaine predominately exert its effect? - Answer- Nucleus
accumbens
,What is the treatment for methomoglobinemia? - Answer- Vitamin C and methylene blue
Which local anesthetic is associated with methemoglobinemia? - Answer- Prilocaine
What is the purpose of vasoconstrictor (epinephrine) in local anesthetic? - Answer-
Extends duration of action of the anesthetic
Promotes hemostasis
reduces toxicity
Signs of local anesthetic toxicity - Answer- Light headedness
Muscle twitching
Convulsion
Coma
Allergy to local anesthetics include symptoms: - Answer- Urticaria
Angiodema
Shortness of breath
Max dose for lidocaine without epi - Answer- 4.4 mg/ kg
Max dose for lidocaine with epi - Answer- 7 mg/kg
Max dose of lido for pediatric - Answer- 4.4
Max dose for articaine with 1:100k epi - Answer- 7
To prevent pediatric patients from biting lip, what local anesthetic technique should be
used to perform a resin filling on 30? - Answer- Buccal infiltration with articaine
What may happen when local anesthetic containing epi is injected intravascularly -
Answer- Tachycardia
Max epi in ASA 1 patient - Answer- 0.2 mg
Max epi for cardiac pt - Answer- 0.04 mg
WHat nerve block is most at risk for causing a hematoma? - Answer- PSA block
What abx causes GI upset and pseudomonas colitis? - Answer- Clindamycin
What abx most likely caused superinfection? - Answer- Broad spectrum abx
What abx is associated with aplastic anemia? - Answer- Chloramphenicol
, Chloramphenicol MOA - Answer- Blocks peptidyltransferase at 50S ribosomal subunit.
Bacteriostatic.
Chloramphenicol treats - Answer- meningitis, brain abscess
Red man syndrome is due to rapid IV infusion of ___________ - Answer- Vancomycin
_____________ is associated with the development of gray man syndRome - Answer-
Chloramphenicol
What is associated with liver damage? - Answer- Tetracycline
What abx is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatitis? - Answer- Ethryromycin
estolate
-cidal and static drugs _____ each other out - Answer- Cancel
Penicillin reacts poorly/ great with probenecid - Answer- Poorly
Don't take ____ with tetracycline - Answer- Milk
Decrease absorption of abx o
Erythromycin estolate is associated with what side effect? - Answer- Allergic
cholecstatic hepatitis
Broad spectrum abx _____ enhance/ decrease effects of anticoagulants - Answer-
Enhance
Clindamycin concentrates in ____ - Answer- Bone
Tetracycline concentrates in ____ - Answer- gingival crevicular fluid
Which abx function by blocking bacterial protein synthesis? - Answer- Tetracyclines
tetracyclines MOA - Answer- Inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit in bacteria —> inhibit protein
synthesis
Acyclovir/Valacyclovir - Answer- Used for treatment of herpes
Fluconazole, ketoconazole - Answer- Used for treatment of candidiasis
Clotrimaole (mycelex) is in ______ form - Answer- Troche form
What is the MoA for clotrimazole? - Answer- Inhibits sterol biosynthesis in fungal cells
Narcotics/ opioids - Answer- Mu-opioid receptor agonist (in CNS)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PASS
GUARANTEED LATEST UPDATE
Environment in which local anesthetics are most effectively able to diffuse
intracellularly? - Answer- Basic tissues un-ionized form
What type of ion channel do local anesthetics block? - Answer- Sodium
Duration of action of a drug is dependent on - Answer- Protein binding capacity
The higher/lower the binding capacity, the longer the duration of action - Answer- Higher
If local anesthetic X has longer duration of action than Y, what might you expect for drug
X? - Answer- Greater affinity for protein binding for drug X
IF local anesthetic X has less protein binding and a lower pKA, what might you expect
about drug X compared to drug Y? - Answer- Less pKA = faster onset
Less protein binding = shorter duration of action
Which local anesthetic is most likely cause an allergic reaction?
Lido, articaine, prilocaine, and tetracaine? - Answer- Tetracaine
MOA of cocaine - Answer- Blocks reputable of monoamines
Pt with infection and inflammation will cause acidic environment, which _____
increases/ decreases the efficacy of local anesthetic - Answer- Decreases
Which anesthetic have the longest duration of action? - Answer- Bupivacaine with
1:200k epi
How many mg of lidocaine are in 2 cartridge of 2% lidocaine with 1:100k epinephrine -
Answer- 72 mg
Topical anesthetics used in dentistry? - Answer- Benzocaine
Where in the Brain does cocaine predominately exert its effect? - Answer- Nucleus
accumbens
,What is the treatment for methomoglobinemia? - Answer- Vitamin C and methylene blue
Which local anesthetic is associated with methemoglobinemia? - Answer- Prilocaine
What is the purpose of vasoconstrictor (epinephrine) in local anesthetic? - Answer-
Extends duration of action of the anesthetic
Promotes hemostasis
reduces toxicity
Signs of local anesthetic toxicity - Answer- Light headedness
Muscle twitching
Convulsion
Coma
Allergy to local anesthetics include symptoms: - Answer- Urticaria
Angiodema
Shortness of breath
Max dose for lidocaine without epi - Answer- 4.4 mg/ kg
Max dose for lidocaine with epi - Answer- 7 mg/kg
Max dose of lido for pediatric - Answer- 4.4
Max dose for articaine with 1:100k epi - Answer- 7
To prevent pediatric patients from biting lip, what local anesthetic technique should be
used to perform a resin filling on 30? - Answer- Buccal infiltration with articaine
What may happen when local anesthetic containing epi is injected intravascularly -
Answer- Tachycardia
Max epi in ASA 1 patient - Answer- 0.2 mg
Max epi for cardiac pt - Answer- 0.04 mg
WHat nerve block is most at risk for causing a hematoma? - Answer- PSA block
What abx causes GI upset and pseudomonas colitis? - Answer- Clindamycin
What abx most likely caused superinfection? - Answer- Broad spectrum abx
What abx is associated with aplastic anemia? - Answer- Chloramphenicol
, Chloramphenicol MOA - Answer- Blocks peptidyltransferase at 50S ribosomal subunit.
Bacteriostatic.
Chloramphenicol treats - Answer- meningitis, brain abscess
Red man syndrome is due to rapid IV infusion of ___________ - Answer- Vancomycin
_____________ is associated with the development of gray man syndRome - Answer-
Chloramphenicol
What is associated with liver damage? - Answer- Tetracycline
What abx is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatitis? - Answer- Ethryromycin
estolate
-cidal and static drugs _____ each other out - Answer- Cancel
Penicillin reacts poorly/ great with probenecid - Answer- Poorly
Don't take ____ with tetracycline - Answer- Milk
Decrease absorption of abx o
Erythromycin estolate is associated with what side effect? - Answer- Allergic
cholecstatic hepatitis
Broad spectrum abx _____ enhance/ decrease effects of anticoagulants - Answer-
Enhance
Clindamycin concentrates in ____ - Answer- Bone
Tetracycline concentrates in ____ - Answer- gingival crevicular fluid
Which abx function by blocking bacterial protein synthesis? - Answer- Tetracyclines
tetracyclines MOA - Answer- Inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit in bacteria —> inhibit protein
synthesis
Acyclovir/Valacyclovir - Answer- Used for treatment of herpes
Fluconazole, ketoconazole - Answer- Used for treatment of candidiasis
Clotrimaole (mycelex) is in ______ form - Answer- Troche form
What is the MoA for clotrimazole? - Answer- Inhibits sterol biosynthesis in fungal cells
Narcotics/ opioids - Answer- Mu-opioid receptor agonist (in CNS)
