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NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology 2024-2025
NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam
Review Questions and Answers | 100% Pass
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Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the
Questions Correctly Good Luck: -
Asthma - =Answer>> Chronic disease due to
bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory
response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma - =Answer>> coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - =Answer>> -airway
inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth
muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Why are kidneys and bladders at high risk for cancer -
=Answer>> - UT is the route of excretion for many
toxins and contains highly mitotic cells
Descending infection - =Answer>> The blood can
carry bacteria from a focus of infection in another part
of the body to the kidneys. The bacteria then pass with
the urine down the ureters to the bladder.
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Ascending infection - =Answer>> - urethra to bladder,
and then to kidney
- due to: bacteria from residual fecal contamination
glomerulonephritis - =Answer>> inflammation of the
glomeruli of the kidney
tubular necrosis - =Answer>> the renal tubules cells
are highly sensitive to low oxygen levels or presence of
toxins and leads to tubular necrosis
Causes of tubular necrosis - =Answer>> - being post
operative
- severe sepsis
- burns
- trauma
- contrast chemical use in medical imaging procedures
Pathophysiology of tubular necrosis - =Answer>> -
ischemia or nephrotoxin exposure occurs to the renal
tubules
- inflammation and tubular injury occur
- cast formation and tubular obstruction occurs
- tubular injury, leakage, increased glomerular pressure
causes decreased capillary perfusion further decrease
in GFR occurs
- oliguria results
Acute Kidney Injury - =Answer>> Sudden decline in
kidney function with a decrease in GFR and an increase
in plasma creatinine and BUN levels -results in oliguria
Prerenal disease - =Answer>> decreased blood flow
to and through the kidney
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