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Immunology Final- BMS Barry Exam Questions and Answers
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Immunology Final- BMS Barry ExamQuestions and Answers
Types of paghocytes - Answers -neutrophil and macrophages
Phagocytes have - Answers -granules and lysosomes
when phagocytes enzymes cascade is activated ir causes release of other molecules
XXXX. - Answers -oxidative burst
Phagocytes deal with small extracellular pathogens - Answers -bacteria, protozoa, fungi
and cellular debris
What do phagocytes produce to alert the adaptive immune system - Answers -cytokines
and cell surface molecule
Phagocytes from the bone marrow - Answers -myeloid cell, neutrophils,
monocyte/macrophages, tissue macrophages, giant and epithelioid cells, fixed
macrophages, alveolar macrophages, glial cells, osteoclast
Neutrophils - Answers -produced daily, do not survive more than a few hours. their
amount varies in blood stream, increase during infection. Get to infection kill pathogen
and die off. Play imp role in early defense against bacterial infection. Neutropenia leads
to serious risk of bacterial infection
What is the most common phagocyte cell and multilobe? - Answers -Neutrophils
Monocytes/macrophages - Answers -myeloid cells, monocytes are immature in the
blood when they get into the tissues or sites of activation they mature into
macrophages. Have a life span 9 months to year
tissue macrophages - Answers -large cells, specialized granules, cystoplasmic
compartments, founding in bone marrow, lymph nodes. They are activate macrophages
also called histiocystic
giant (epithelioid) - Answers -Mature macrophages in chronic inflammation site,
granuloma formation, they prolong the inflammatory response (cytokines), no pus, many
years
fixed macrophages - Answers -line the sinusoids of the spleen and liver, kupfer cells
and hemolytic anemia
, alveolar macrophages - Answers -in lungs (COPD)
Glial cells - Answers -long lives macrophages in the nervous system. To clean did
neuronal cells
Osteoclasts - Answers -the most specialized macrophages, found in bone, regulate
calcium metabolism, reabsorb and release calcium into the blood
what is used to boost neutrophil numbers? - Answers -recombination granulocyte CSF
neutrophils and monocytes comes from - Answers -the bone marrow with the same
stem cell
Phagocyte recruitment for neutrophils - Answers -no neutrophils in normal tissues, only
in inflamed tissues (IL 17)
phagocyte recruitment for monocytes - Answers -monocytes go to tissues, mature into
macrophages turn into macrophages remain dormant until stimulated
what prepares the phagocytes for action - Answers -receptors
Toll like receptors - Answers -familiy of 10, they have overlapping roles, found in
macrophages and APC such as dendritic cells and B cell, epithelial cell. TLRS bring to
pathogen then initiate an intracellular signal and cytokines are produced, use then as
target for therapy
c-lectin receptors - Answers -lectins are sugar binding proteins, recognized by c letting
of pathogen or dying mammalian cells, This will activate the macrophages and we get
cytokine production. Deliver pathogens to endocytic pathways
phagocytes can bind - Answers -pathogens coast in complement components,
complexes of antigen-antibody and complement (immune complexes) dead cells
receptors for immunoglobing - Answers -IgG via the FC receptors. IgG stimulate
phagocytosis and acts as opsonin
which one the only one that produces neutrophils extracellular traps? - Answers -
neutrophils and they are short lived
Macrophages play an important role in what - Answers -IIS and AIS
oxidative burst - Answers -enzymes that further destroy pathogens. Hydrogen peroxide,
hypochlorus acid, NO, elevated will reduce vascular tone
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