RN TARGETED MEDICAL SURGICAL GASTROINTESTINAL (ATI)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
A nurse is reviewing the prescriptions for a client who has Campylobacter
enteritis. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the
provider?
- 0.45% sodium chloride IV
- Magnesium hydroxide
- Ciprofloxacin
- Potassium - ANS✓Magnesium hydroxide
Rationale: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are manifestations of enteritis. The
nurse should clarify a prescription for magnesium hydroxide, also know as milk
of magnesia, with the provider. This medication increases gastrointestinal
motility, which can increase the client's risk for an electrolyte imbalance and
contribute to dehydration.
RATIONALES:
0.45% sodium chloride IV
- Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are manifestations of enteritis. The nurse
should recognize that a prescription for an IV administration of 0.45% sodium
chloride, a hypotonic solution, is prescribed to reverse the effects of dehydration
and does not require clarification.
Ciprofloxacin
RN TARGETED
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RN
- The nurse should recognize that a prescription for ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic, is
expected and does not require clarification because Campylobacter enteritis is a
bacterial form of gastroenteritis.
Potassium
- Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are manifestations of enteritis, which places the
client at risk for hypokalemia. The nurse should recognize that a prescription for
potassium is expected and does not require clarification.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client following an ileostomy. The
nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings to the
provider?
- Intolerance to high-fiber foods
- Liquid ileostomy output
- Dark purple stoma
- Sensation of burning during bowel elimination - ANS✓Dark purple stoma
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to contact the provider if the
stoma is a dark purple color, which is an indication of bowel ischemia.
RATIONALES:
Intolerance to high-fiber foods
- Clients who have an ileostomy often experience intolerance to high-fiber foods.
The client might need to eliminate these foods from their diet. However, the
client does not need to report this intolerance to the provider.
Liquid ileostomy output
RN TARGETED
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RN
- Clients who have an ileostomy are expected to have loose liquid output. The
nurse should provide the client with information about how to avoid dehydration
due to excessive liquid output, including recommending the consumption of oral
replacement solutions.
Sensation of burning during bowel elimination
- Clients who have an ileostomy are expected to experience a burning sensation
during bowel elimination due to decreased absorption of gastric acid in the
ileum. The nurse should provide warm soap and water after each bowel
movement, drying the area gently, and applying a thin coat of ointment to the
area.
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
- Insert a nasogastric tube for the client
- Administer ceftazidime to the client
- Identify the client's current level of pain
- Instruct the client to remain NPO - ANS✓Identify the client's current level of
pain
Rationale: The first action the nurse should take when using the nursing process
is to assess the client. Clients who have acute pancreatitis often have severe
abdominal pain. By assessing the client's level of pain, the nurse can identify the
need for and implement interventions to alleviate the client's pain.
RATIONALES:
Insert a nasogastric tube for the client
RN TARGETED
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