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NSG322 Final Exam – Questions & Accurate Answers
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NSG322 Final Exam – Questions & Accurate Answers
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NSG322 Final Exam – Questions & Accurate AnswersMental health continuum Right Ans - Mental Health and Mental Illness
occupy opposite ends of the mental health continuum. The midpoint on the
continuum represents normal mental health.
Stress affects our Right Ans - Body, mind, behavior, and emotions
Whats the DSM-5? Right Ans - It's the official manual for psychiatric
medical diagnosis
APRN role in mental health Right Ans - Conduct psychotherapy,
prescriptive authority and treatment, and consultation
A therapeutic relationship Right Ans - Protects the patient's dignity,
autonomy, and privacy and allows for the development of trust and respect.
Transference Right Ans - The process whereby emotions are passed on or
displaced from the patient to the nurse
Countertransference Right Ans - Refers to the nurse's behavioral and
emotional response to the client
Client's rights include Right Ans - •Right to Treatment
•Right to Refuse Treatment
•Right to Informed Consent
•Rights Surrounding Involuntary Commitment and Psychiatric Advance
Directives
•Rights regarding restraints and seclusion
Due Process Right Ans - Fair treatment through the normal judicial system,
especially as a citizen's entitlement
Tarasoff Doctrine Right Ans - The nurse has a duty to warn & to protect
third parties
RN's legal obligations Right Ans - -Duty to intervene
-Duty to report
-Client abandonment
,We are mandatory reporters for Right Ans - -Child abuse
-Elder abuse
-Dependent people abuse
and if you don't report its a misdemeanor
Seclusion and restraints Right Ans - -must be ordered
-should be ordered for the shortest duration necessary and only if less
restrictive measures are not sufficient
-a client may voluntarily request temp seclusion
-restraints can be physical or chemical
-if used, frequency of client assessments in regards to food, fluid, comfort, and
safety should be performed and documented every 15-30 min
-intentional tort of assault and battery/ false imprisonment
T or F: You can have a PRN order for restraints Right Ans - FALSE. It's both
unethical and prohibited by law
Double messages Right Ans - Conflicting messages (also known as mixed
messages).
Double-bind messages Right Ans - Communication that contains two
contradictory messages given by the same person at the same time, to which
the receiver is expected to respond. Constant double-bind situations result in
feelings of helplessness, fear, and anxiety in the recipient of such messages.
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory Right Ans - Personality is shaped by
childhood experiences and unconscious thoughts/desires
Concepts of:
-Super ego
-Ego
-ID
Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory Right Ans - Focuses on what occurs
between people (i.e. the nurse-patient relationship). Human beings are driven
by the need for interaction. Influence Peplau's theory
Peplau's Theory Right Ans - Develop interaction between nurse and
patient. (ex. nurse facilitates interpersonal relationships):
,Phases:
-Orientation: the nurse collects data, makes initial assessments of the patient's
needs, potential, interests, and the patient's inclination to experience fear or
anxiety.
-Working: the focus is on the patient's reactions and the work that the patient
needs to accomplish. Contains two sub phases Identification and Exploitation.
-Termination:the nurse summarizes the discharge plan and helps the patient
organize actions to progress toward new socially interdependent
relationships. Encourages pt to be more self-reliant
CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) Right Ans - action therapy in which the
goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally
and logically. Changes way of thinking to improve behavior
Anxiety Right Ans - -Normal anxiety is necessary fro survival
-Acute anxiety is a stress response due to a crisis (sudden)
-Pathological anxiety disturbs their ability to function and persists even after
threat is gone
-Chronic anxiety usually begins in childhood and increases the risk for cardio
disorders
Anxiety vs. Fear Right Ans - anxiety has an unknown or unrecognized
source, wheras fear is a reaction to a specific threat
Defense mechanisms Right Ans - Adaptive (healthy):
-Humor: joking to find a way to endure situations.
-Altruism: an act of goodwill towards another person (e.g. being particularly
helpful to a person who we feel might dislike us or neutralizing an argument
with kind words and positivity)
-Sublimation: directing energy from unacceptable drives into socially
acceptable behavior (e.g. boxing for anger management)
-Suppression: conscious denial of unacceptable or painful thoughts, impulses
acts
Maladaptive (Unhealthy):
-Compensation: putting extra effort to achieve in areas of real or imagine
deficiency.
-Denial: avoidance of disagreeable reality by ignoring it or refusing to
recognize it.
, -Displacement: transfer painful feelings to a neutral object (e.g. husband yells
at wife, who yells at child, who yells at pet)
-Projection: attributing your own thought or impulses onto another person
(e.g. hostile husband attribute hostility to wife's anger management problem)
-Rationalization: offering a socially acceptable explanation for unacceptable
impulses or feelings (e.g. grumpy due to bad traffic)
-Regression: returning to early level of emotional development
-Repression: unconscious forgetting of unacceptable or painful thoughts,
feelings, action
-Undoing: negates or reverses previous unacceptable action (e.g. couple has a
fight and bf comes with flowers)
Anxiety levels: Right Ans - I: Mild. Normal, motivates you to do stuff.
II: Moderate. Normal in response to significant stressors. Narrowed
perceptual field -- selective inattention. s/s -> freq/urge, increased RR & HR,
muscle tension
III: Severe. Pathological. Can only focus on specific details, scattered attention.
Feelings of dread, dizzy, tachycardiac, hyperventilation
IV: Panic. Pathological. Cannot focus, loses touch with reality, cannot learn. s/s
-> possible hallucination or delusions, shakiness is severe, social withdrawal,
dilated pupils, cant speak
What do you do for mild to mod anxiety? Right Ans - explore coping
mechanisms, encourage them to express feelings, ask clarifying question , use
nonverbal communication
What do you do for severe to panic anxiety? Right Ans - do not leave the
client alone, stay calm, soft/lowpitched/slow speech, clear/simple statements
& repetitions, be authoritative (set limits), reinforce reality, give calorie fluids
to prevent exhaustion, meds or restraints as last resort
Seperation Anxiety Disorder Right Ans - Excessive anxiety over separation
from home or whom attached, normal up to age 1. S/S: fear of being
kidnapped, sleep with parents, fear of injury or death of important ppl,
stomach distress, temp. loss of bowel or bladder control.
Tx: supportive therapy, bibliotherapy, SSRIs, beta blockers, antihistamines
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) Right Ans - Severe anxiety due to exposure
to a social situation, its a fear of being judged or rejected/ embarrassed.
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