Exam (elaborations)
NSG552 Psychopharmacology Exam 1 Prep – Questions With Solutions
- Course
- Institution
NSG552 Psychopharmacology Exam 1 Prep – Questions With Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
NSG552 Psychopharmacology Exam 1 Prep – QuestionsWith Solutions
What are the 6 general principles of psychopharmacological treatment?
Right Ans - Safety
Tolerability
Efficacy
Practicality
Treatment accessibility
Treatment compliance
Pharmacokinetics Right Ans - How the drug moves in the body. (ex. Where
is it absorbed? How and where is it metabolized? Where is it excreted?)
Pharmacodynamics Right Ans - What the drug does to the body. (consider
mechanism of action)
Define First-generation antipsychotics Right Ans - Referred to as Typical
Antipsychotics. Most have strong bond with D2 receptors only, cause EPS
symptoms faster due to prolonged receptor dissociation, have more
dangerous side effect profiles, have been around longer, more effective at
treating positive symptoms, less expensive. (Ex. Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine,
Thioridazine, Fluphenazine)
Define Second-generation antipsychotics Right Ans - Referred to as
Atypical Antipsychotics. Most have a weak bond with D2 receptors and block
serotonin receptors leading to anti-depressive and anxiolytic effects. They
cause less EPS due to rapid receptor disassociation which leads to rapid
dopamine neurotransmission. Have less dangerous side effect profiles but can
cause metabolic syndromes, have been around shorter time, more expensive,
more effective at treating negative symptoms but can treat positive symptoms
as well, long-acting injections available for several of these. (Ex. Risperidone,
Clozapine, Quetiapine, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone)
Extra Pyramidal Symptoms (EPS) Right Ans - Side effects caused by certain
antipsychotic medications, which include: involuntary or uncontrollable
movements. tremors. muscle contractions.
, Tardive dyskinesia Right Ans - A neurological disorder characterize by
involuntary movement of the face and jaw.
Upregulation Right Ans - Occurs through chronic use of antagonists which
causes an increase in the number of receptors, externalization of receptors,
and increased sensitivity of the receptors. Prolonged use of antagonist -> Up-
regulation of receptors -> Sudden withdrawal of antagonist -> increased
number of receptors and increased sensitivity of receptors *YOU MUST
GRADUALLY TAPER A DRUG TO AVOID BINDING TO ALL NEW RECEPTORS
FROM UPREGULATION
Down regulation Right Ans - Occurs by chronic exposure of agonists which
causes decreased number of receptors, internalization of receptors, and
decreased sensitivity of the receptors. Prolonged use of agonist -> down-
regulation of receptors -> decreased effectiveness of agonist mediated clinical
response.
You have two options:
1 Increase the drug dose OR 2 Switch to another drug(BEST OPTION)
Receptor profile Right Ans - The receptors that each drug binds to
(example, risperidone's receptor profile would like...
(a) Blockade of 5HT2A and D2 receptors
(b) High affinity for a1, a2, and H1 receptors)
Binding Right Ans - Refers to a drug metabolite or neurotransmitter
attaching to a receptor
Affinity Right Ans - refers to the "preference" or likelihood of a drug to bind
to a certain receptor. Linked to potency.
CYP450 Right Ans - A group of enzymes in the liver that metabolize
different drugs. There are six.
List the 7 CYP450 Enzymes Right Ans - (1) CYP1A2
(2) CYP2B6
(3) CYP2C9
(4) CYP2C19
(5) CYP2D6
(6) CYP3A4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Studyhall. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now