academic and legal english Tom Vandecasteele summary intermediate test 2
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Course
Academisch en juridisch engels
Institution
Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)
Summary of weeks 5 to 9 for intermediate test 2 by prof Vandecasteele (1st year of UA law). All grammar, texts, a link to voc exercises on studygo... This subject matter can also be learned before the final test.
Not: It was explained me. – I was explained the problem.
Example: The victim was described TO the police.
Not: The police were described the victim.
- Stative verbs can’t be turned into a passive.
= Verbs that describe a state or condition, rather than an action.
Example: I have a house. = A house is had by me.
Usage
- Passive is used to start the sentence with the thing/person we are talking about.
Example: This is a nice painting. It was painted by Picasso.
Example: What a wonderful dog. She was found last week.
- When we don’t know who/what did something or when it isn’t important.
Example: She was murdered.
Example: He was fired a couple weeks ago
Example: They were run over.
, Britain today: three decades of devolution, Brexit, and more)
1997: election of Tony Blair/labour -> new feeling of optimism after ‘70/’80’s under
conservative rule
Promise of devolution referendums for Scotland and Wales
= process of transferring power from the centre to the nations and regions of the UK
=asymmetric: power to different regions
1998: Good Friday Agreement Referendum
= peace deal intended to bring an end to “The Troubles” (period of unrest-terrorist attacks…
on the British Isles)
International involvement:
90’s: peacekeeping operations -> made Britain seem like a country devoted to the ‘good’ and
made Tony Blair more popular
1999: rejection adoption euro
Dotcom bubble: boom of the internet -> internet start-ups which started failing quickly ->
worsening economy
2001: Tony Blair/labour wins re-election (although not many people voted)
9/11! -> US and UK allies in ‘the war against terrorism’:
- 2001: Britain follows US into war with Afghanistan
- 2003: Britain follow US into armed conflict in Iraq, BUT: division within the labour party +
people are critical -> ‘Why go to war with a country that hasn’t provoked us? Why get
involved in the Middle East again?’ + war was not backed by a United Nations mandate ->
legality of the invasion?
=damages reputation of Tony Blair
2016: Chilcot report: Concluded that Blair had gone to war before all peaceful options
were exhausted
2005: labour wins again
2005: Suicide bombers on London public transport ( “This is because we went to war for no
reason” )
-Britain was not prepared!
2008 Financial crisis:
2009: efforts to stimulate economy: giving money to the banks to ‘bail them out’ (But the
people were against this)
2010: labour loses -> Conservative and LibDem coalition government
Austerity:
= deficit reductions program (less spending + more taxes)
Spent less on National Health Service and education, although they promised not to
Lots of spending cuts
=>riots:
(especially after the police killed a young black man)
More likely in deprived areas
More likely in areas with higher rates of stop and search
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