Professionalism: position - ANSWER a set of tasks assigned to one person
Professionalism: job - ANSWER a collection of positions with similar types and
levels of labour
Professionalism: profession - ANSWER a set of jobs that are identical in kind
and are spread throughout an industry
Nursing does not fully satisfy the following traits: Trait 7: ANSWER Members
have a high level of independence in practice, but it is gradually increasing.
Gaining greater independence will be challenging until a bachelor of science
degree is required for admittance into the profession.
Nursing does not fully satisfy the following traits: Trait 9: ANSWER Many
nurses lack professional dedication. How many belong to their professional
organisations?
•Do you belong to a professional nursing organisation?
Where does power come from? - ANSWER There are six main sources of
power: reward, coercion, legal acts, personal ties, and knowledge.
•Use of media (informational power) to influence opinions
Prehistory: Healthcare - ANSWER Religion and healthcare were frequently the
same thing.
Health-care professionals were also religious leaders who believed that sickness
was caused by bad spirits. Their cures focused on removing evil spirits or
restoring good spirits.
No hospitals—all care was provided at home, usually by the women of the tribe.
Asian Civilisations (3500 BC–AD 500) Toaism defines health as a state of
equilibrium. Illness develops when this balance is disrupted.
, Southern Asian Civilisations (3000 BC–AD 1000) - ANSWER •Religious ideas
and practices (codes of behaviour) were documented in four books (Vedas),
which also functioned as a historical record for this civilisation.
•These texts contained laws affecting the health and well-being of the culture, in
addition to religious creeds.
•There was a great emphasis on proper cleanliness, as well as descriptions of
how to use magic charms and rituals to cure disease, treat trauma, and promote
conception.
•Buddhism took over in 530 BCE.
•All people sought absolute inner tranquilly of nirvana (nothingness) through
prayer, meditation, and penance.
•Public hospitals were founded, and physicians and nurses were held to high
professional standards.
•A primitive type of licensure required physicians to demonstrate both skill in
medical practice and excellent moral integrity.
Southeast Mediterranean Civilisations (2000 BC–AD 500) - ANSWER: The
Hebrews used animal sacrifices and purification rituals to appease God. •
Mosaic Law established strict rules for hygiene, food preparation, disease
isolation, menstruation, and childbirth.
Roman Peninsula (750 BC–AD 476) - ANSWER: Early hospitals were
established to care for sick or injured soldiers. • Similar to Mobile Army
Surgical Hospitals (MASH units) used during the Korean War or modern
Combat Support Hospitals, Roman hospitals were located near the battlefield
and could be relocated as the battle front changed.
Christian Influences on Nursing (AD 30–) - ANSWER •Some wealthy Christian
widows transformed their castles into hospital-like organisations where the sick
might receive care.
•The origin of the term nurse is commonly linked to the early Christian period.
•The root meaning of nurse comes from the Latin word nutrire, which means to
nourish, nurture, or suckle a kid.
Nursing during the Mediaeval Period (476 AD 1453) - ANSWER: The first 500
years of the mediaeval period, up to AD 1000, were known as the Dark Ages. •
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