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PYC2601 SUMMARY NOTES
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PYC2601 COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY
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PYC2601PERSONALITY THEORIES
, CONTENTS
chapter 1: personology and historical overview of psychological thinking .................................................................... 3
background ................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Persononology and everyday knowledge of human nature ....................................................................................... 3
The reasons why there are so many personality theories .......................................................................................... 3
Definitions of key concepts ........................................................................................................................................ 4
A variety of opinions about personality...................................................................................................................... 4
The genesis of psychology.......................................................................................................................................... 5
Psychology as a science in its own right ..................................................................................................................... 6
Psychology in the twentieth century.......................................................................................................................... 8
Chapter 2: the psychoanalytical theory of Sigmund Freud............................................................................................. 9
The basic assumptions underlying Freud’s theory ..................................................................................................... 9
The structure of the personality............................................................................................................................... 10
The dynamics of the personality .............................................................................................................................. 11
The development of the personality ........................................................................................................................ 16
Optimal development .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Views on psychopathology....................................................................................................................................... 20
Implications and applications................................................................................................................................... 20
Chapter 3: the social cognitive learning approach ....................................................................................................... 23
Background .............................................................................................................................................................. 23
The view of the person underlying the theory ......................................................................................................... 23
The structure of the personality............................................................................................................................... 24
The dynamics of the personality .............................................................................................................................. 25
The development of personality .............................................................................................................................. 29
Optimal development .............................................................................................................................................. 30
Views on psychopathology....................................................................................................................................... 30
Implication and applications .................................................................................................................................... 31
Evaluation of the theory........................................................................................................................................... 34
Introduction to person-oriented approaches............................................................................................................... 35
Background .............................................................................................................................................................. 35
Historical background .............................................................................................................................................. 36
Chapter 4: the self-actualisation theory of Abraham Maslow ...................................................................................... 38
Concepts .................................................................................................................................................................. 38
Background .............................................................................................................................................................. 39
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