Antimicrobial Resistance - ANSWERSThe ability of a microorganism to stop an antimicrobial from working against it
Antibiotics purpose - ANSWERSKill bacteria or inhibit their growth
What does MRSA stand for? - ANSWERSMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
One bacteri_____, two bacteri_...
AMR Exam 1 UF Questions & Answers
100% Correct!!
Antimicrobial Resistance - ANSWERSThe ability of a microorganism to stop an
antimicrobial from working against it
Antibiotics purpose - ANSWERSKill bacteria or inhibit their growth
What does MRSA stand for? - ANSWERSMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
One bacteri_____, two bacteri_____, many bacteri_____ - ANSWERSBacterium,
bacteria, bacteria
Candida - ANSWERSOpportunistic pathogen that lives in the human body, serious
antifungal-resistant strains have begun to emerge. Leading cause of healthcare
associated bloodstream infections in US hospitals
Leading cause of healthcare associated bloodstream infections in US hospitals -
ANSWERSCandida fungus
Example of antiparasitic drug resistance - ANSWERSMalaria parasite, Plasmodium
falciparum, develops resistance to antimalarial drugs and poses a serious threat to
humans, taking over half a million lives annually around the world.
Pesticide resistance examples - ANSWERSMosquitos develop resistance to pesticides,
making population control difficult
Antiviral agent resistance examples - ANSWERSInfluenza virus mutates constantly,
new vaccine needs to be released every year
Resistance in humans - ANSWERSCancer cells beginning to resist chemotheraputic
agents
Herbicide agent resistance - ANSWERSWaterhemp is invasive weed that has
developed resistance to most commercially available herbicidal agents
How does Antibiotic Resistance develop? - ANSWERS- Within a normal population of
bacteria, some may be already carrying resistance to a given antibiotic.
- In the presence of that particular antibiotic, all drug-sensitive cells are killed.
-But the ones that are persistent and further divide and pass resistance to other cells
from different species, giving rise to drug-resistant population
,The CDC estimates that antibiotic resistance causes at least ______ infections
annually, claiming _______ deaths in the United States alone. - ANSWERS2 million,
23,000
Data show that most antibiotic resistant infections happen in ________, and these are
called _____________ - ANSWERSGeneral community, community-acquired bacterial
infections
Most deaths related to antibiotic resistance happen in __________ settings, and these
infections are known as ________ - ANSWERSHealth care, nosocomial or hospital-
acquired infections (HAIs)
Since 2013, have illnesses and deaths related to AMR increased or decreased? -
ANSWERSIncreased
True or false: you have a greater chance of dying from COVID-19 than from ABR
infections - ANSWERSFalse, lower chance
Adjusted to the total population, the US has about _________ times more deaths from
AMR than in europe - ANSWERStwo
In the US, _____ percent of all lethal infections were due to bacteria resistant to last
reserve antibiotics - ANSWERS39
CDC AMR Threats Report 2019 - ANSWERSStop referring to a post-antibiotic era, its
already here
Stop playing the blame game
Stop only relying on new antibiotics
Stop believing antibiotic resistance is a prooblem "over there"
AMR leads to ______ hospital stays, _______ medical costs and _________ mortality -
ANSWERSLonger, increased, increased
Who can AMR affect? - ANSWERSAnyone of any age in any country
True or false: AMR is one of the biggest threats to global health and food security today
- ANSWERSTrue
True or false: the number of bacterial infections has increased over time -
ANSWERSFalse, but the number of antibiotic resistant infections has increased
, Consequences of antibiotic resistance - ANSWERSProlonged hospital stays lead to
increased costs and family problems (mental health issues such as anxiety, taking time
off work, etc).
Why does antibiotic resistance lead to higher medical costs? - ANSWERSFailure of
initial treatment due to resistance could lead to treatment with stronger antibiotics that
are more $$$$
True or false: the development of novel antibiotics has increased recently -
ANSWERSFalse
Antibiotic resistance emerges due to the _________________ of antibiotics -
ANSWERSUse, underuse, and overuse
Sulfonamides and AMR - ANSWERSSulfonamides were first used in 1930s to treat
gonoccocal STIs, in 40s gained reistance and were replaced with penicillins, new
classes of drugs discovered in 50s and 60s but then in 80s they gained reisstance to
penicillin and tetracycline.
Replaced by fluorouqinolones in 90s, by 2007, were replaced with cehalosporins, in
2012 cephalosporins no longer effective. Now cocktail is used but resistant strains have
emerged
Average time from the introduction of an antibiotic to resistance - ANSWERS8 years
ADark Ages - ANSWERSThe times where antiseptic techniques were not used to
control the spread of infections, until about 1940s
Primordial stages - ANSWERSWere marked by sulfa drugs and penicillins.
Golden era - ANSWERSDiscovery of all major classes of antibiotics
Pharmacological period - ANSWERSAttempts made to understand dosing and
administration
1980s antibiotic development - ANSWERSTarget-based antibiotics developed
Genomic High-Throughput Screens period - ANSWERSGenome sequencing
methodology was used to predict targets and employed large-scale screens for novel
antibiotics
Two countries whose population growth have driven the highest demand for food
production and consumption - ANSWERSChina and India
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