Samenvatting Wetenschapsfilosofie_Hoorcolleges, PowerPoints en literatuur samen_
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Course
Wetenschapsfilosofie (SOWPWB3220)
Institution
Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen (RU)
Book
Wat is wetenschap?
Alle hoorcolleges zijn teruggekeken en meegeschreven. De PowerPoints en de informatie uit de hoorcolleges zijn samengevoegd. Er is gebruik gemaakt van plaatjes waar nodig. Er is een begrippenlijst gemaakt aan de hand van een oefententamen en het boek is volledig doorgelezen. Hier zijn aantekeningen...
3 Hoorcollege 2 (Waarden in de wetenschap) .............................................................. 19
3.1 Koster hoofdstuk 3 “De evolutie van de mens”.......................................................... 20
3.2 Normativiteit ........................................................................................................... 21
3.2.1 De vier ingrediënten van normativiteit ................................................................. 22
3.3 Soft vs hard science ................................................................................................ 23
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3.4 Door, voor en over ons............................................................................................. 23
3.5 Waardevrije wetenschap ......................................................................................... 24
4 Hoorcollege 3 (Lichaam en geest) ............................................................................ 24
4.1 Koster 4 “Een psychiatrische stoornis – Wat is dat?” ................................................. 24
4.2 (verhouding tussen) Lichaam en geest ..................................................................... 25
4.2.1 Dualisme (Descartes) ........................................................................................ 25
4.2.2 Cognitivsme ...................................................................................................... 26
4.2.3 Belichaamde cognitie ........................................................................................ 28
4.3 Persoon versus brein............................................................................................... 30
4.4 Informatie (verwerken) ............................................................................................ 30
4.5 De rol van lichaam en wereld (persoon versus brein) ................................................. 31
5 Hoorcollege 4 (Oorzaken en redenen)....................................................................... 32
5.1 Koster 5 “Reguliere en alternatieve geneeskunde” .................................................... 32
5.2 Het Bayesiaanse uitganspunt .................................................................................. 34
5.3 Folk psychology ...................................................................................................... 35
5.3.1 Wetenschappelijk nadenken over redenen ......................................................... 36
5.4 Hermeneutiek ......................................................................................................... 37
5.4.1 De hermeneutische cirkel (Gadamer) ................................................................. 37
5.4.2 Terug naar de wetenschap ................................................................................. 38
5.5 De twee culturen..................................................................................................... 39
5.5.1 Bèta /gamma .................................................................................................... 39
5.5.2 Alfa’s ................................................................................................................ 39
6 Hoorcollege 5 (Data en hypothesen)......................................................................... 40
6.1 Koster 7 “De kritiek van Popper op het standaardbeeld”............................................ 40
6.1.1 Inhoud college 5 ................................................................................................ 42
6.2 Relatie tussen empirie en theorie: Constructie of deductie? ...................................... 42
6.2.1 Principles theory ............................................................................................... 43
6.2.2 Constructions theory ......................................................................................... 43
6.3 Inductie .................................................................................................................. 44
6.4 Deductie + inductie ................................................................................................. 44
6.4.1 Hypothese/ voorspelling .................................................................................... 44
6.5 Falsificatie (deductie) à Popper .............................................................................. 45
6.5.1 Logisch positivisme versus Popper: .................................................................... 45
6.5.2 Problemen Popper ............................................................................................ 46
6.6 Abductie ................................................................................................................. 47
6.7 Overzicht van dit college.......................................................................................... 47
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