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GMS6552 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
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GMS6552 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 4 receptor types in order of their speed 1. Channel-linked (inotropic) - millisecs 2. G-prot coupled rec - seconds 3. Kinase linked - minutes 4. Nuclear rec - hours What is a common example of a Channel-linked (inotropic)...

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  • November 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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GMS6552 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED


4 receptor types in order of their speed

1. Channel-linked (inotropic) - millisecs

2. G-prot coupled rec - seconds

3. Kinase linked - minutes

4. Nuclear rec - hours

What is a common example of a Channel-linked (inotropic) receptor?

nicotinic

ACh receptor

What is a common example of a G-prot coupled receptor?

Muscarinic ACh Receptor

What is a common example of a Kinase linked receptor?

Insulin Receptor

What is a common example of a Nuclear rec receptor?

Estrogen Receptor

What are 4 examples of GPCR ligands?

Hormones, Neurotransmitters, Chemokines, Ions, Amino acids, Peptides,

What are the 3 main Ga proteins?

,Gas- AC - inc

Gai - AC - dec

Gaq - PLC - inc

Talk through the steps of the cascade involving cAMP

The signal transduction cascade begins when adenylyl cyclase, a membrane- bound

enzyme, is activated by G-protein molecules associated with the adrenergic receptor.

Adenylyl cyclase creates multiple cyclic AMP molecules, which fan out and activate

protein kinases (PKA, in this example). Protein kinases can enter the nucleus and affect

transcription.

Name the 5 intracellular events that are regulated by PKA.

1. Phosphorylase PKA Kinase (Glycogen Breakdown)

2. L-Type Ca Channels (Heart Contraction)

3. Pyruvate Kinase (Glycolysis)

4. Hormone Sensitive Lipase (Triglyceride Breakdown)

5. CREB (Gene Transcription)

Describe the pathways that lead to protein phosphorylation via IP3 and DAG.

DAG

1. GPCR and activated by GTP binding --> activation of Phopholipase C (bound to B) --

> act of DAG --> act PKC --> prot phospho



IP3

1. GPCR and activated by GTP binding --> activation of Phopholipase C (bound to B) --

> IP3 --> Ca2+ release --> effect --> prot phophorylation

, What type of receptor is typically most dominant in the presence of multiple?

Inhibitory

What are the target enzymes of receptors?

Guanylate cyclase and Gprots

After Guanylate cyclase is activated what are the second messengers, protein

kinases, and effects that follow?

Guanylate cyclase

cGMP

PKG

Contractile proteins and ion channels

What 3 things do Gprots activate?

adenylate cyclase

Phospholipase C

Phospholipase A

After adenylate cyclase is activated what are the second messengers, protein

kinases, and effects that follow?

adenylate cyclase

cAMP

PKA

Enzymes&transport pros, and ion channels

After Phospholipase C is activated what are the second messengers, protein

kinases, and effects that follow?

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