1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
NURS 5315 UTA etExam 1: Concept
and Clinical Complication
Questions & Verified Answers 2024-
2025 | 100% Pass Rate Guaranteed
| Latest Updated Version
Action Potential: Hypokalemia leads to what complications
✓ Potassium leaves the cell leaving behind negative anions, cell
hyperpolarizes making the cell more negative and therefore less
excitable
✓
✓ CC: Weakness, Smooth Muscle atony, parathesias (pins and needles),
Cardiac dysrythmias
Action Potential: Hyperkalemia lead to what complications
✓ Increased potassium will come into the cell and make it more positive,
depolarization will occur taking the RMP closer to the Threshold
potential. This makes cells more excitable.
✓
✓ CC: Peak T waves, Widening QRS Complex, paralysis, paresthesia,
weakness, cardiac dysrhythmia
Action Potential: Hypercalcemia
Master01 | November, 2024/2025 | Latest update CONTINUE
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ High calcium (Ca2+) decreases the cells permeability to Na+ ions. Cell
becomes less positive. Hyper polarized and less excitable
✓
✓ CC: Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy, confusion,
encephalopathy, Shorted QT segment, Depressed widened T waves
Action Potential: Hypocalcemia
✓ Less Calcium leads to more per i ability of Na+ ions into the cell. The cell
becomes more positive and depolarizes. Closed to threshold potential
means more excitable cells.
✓
✓ CC: Tetany (involuntary contraction of muscle), hyperreflexia,
circumoral paresthesia, seizures, dysrythmias
Atrophy
✓ CC: Decreased muscle size due to lack of exercise or bed ridden,
reduced thymus in children as they grow
Hypertrophy
✓ Physiologic: Increased muscle size when exercising
✓ Pathologic: cardiomegaly in HTN, kidney growth when one kidney is
removed
Master01 | November, 2024/2025 | Latest update CONTINUE
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Hyperplasia
✓ Physiologic: Liver regeneration after resection, uterine and mammary
gland enlargement in pregnancy
✓
✓ Pathologic: Endometrial lining in response to estrogen (Endometrial
Cancer)
Metaplasia
✓ Pathologic: Chronic Smokers Columnar cells to Squamous cells, Barrett
Esophagus (Normal squamous epithelial cells replaced by columnar
cells) in response to heart burn, GERD
Dysplasia
✓ Dysplastic cells of the cervix during a papsmear, pre cancerous
Sickle Cell Anemia can cause what type of cell injury?
✓ Hypoxic injury
A decrease in the production of red blood cells happens with what type of
conditions?
Master01 | November, 2024/2025 | Latest update CONTINUE
NURS 5315 UTA etExam 1: Concept
and Clinical Complication
Questions & Verified Answers 2024-
2025 | 100% Pass Rate Guaranteed
| Latest Updated Version
Action Potential: Hypokalemia leads to what complications
✓ Potassium leaves the cell leaving behind negative anions, cell
hyperpolarizes making the cell more negative and therefore less
excitable
✓
✓ CC: Weakness, Smooth Muscle atony, parathesias (pins and needles),
Cardiac dysrythmias
Action Potential: Hyperkalemia lead to what complications
✓ Increased potassium will come into the cell and make it more positive,
depolarization will occur taking the RMP closer to the Threshold
potential. This makes cells more excitable.
✓
✓ CC: Peak T waves, Widening QRS Complex, paralysis, paresthesia,
weakness, cardiac dysrhythmia
Action Potential: Hypercalcemia
Master01 | November, 2024/2025 | Latest update CONTINUE
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ High calcium (Ca2+) decreases the cells permeability to Na+ ions. Cell
becomes less positive. Hyper polarized and less excitable
✓
✓ CC: Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy, confusion,
encephalopathy, Shorted QT segment, Depressed widened T waves
Action Potential: Hypocalcemia
✓ Less Calcium leads to more per i ability of Na+ ions into the cell. The cell
becomes more positive and depolarizes. Closed to threshold potential
means more excitable cells.
✓
✓ CC: Tetany (involuntary contraction of muscle), hyperreflexia,
circumoral paresthesia, seizures, dysrythmias
Atrophy
✓ CC: Decreased muscle size due to lack of exercise or bed ridden,
reduced thymus in children as they grow
Hypertrophy
✓ Physiologic: Increased muscle size when exercising
✓ Pathologic: cardiomegaly in HTN, kidney growth when one kidney is
removed
Master01 | November, 2024/2025 | Latest update CONTINUE
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Hyperplasia
✓ Physiologic: Liver regeneration after resection, uterine and mammary
gland enlargement in pregnancy
✓
✓ Pathologic: Endometrial lining in response to estrogen (Endometrial
Cancer)
Metaplasia
✓ Pathologic: Chronic Smokers Columnar cells to Squamous cells, Barrett
Esophagus (Normal squamous epithelial cells replaced by columnar
cells) in response to heart burn, GERD
Dysplasia
✓ Dysplastic cells of the cervix during a papsmear, pre cancerous
Sickle Cell Anemia can cause what type of cell injury?
✓ Hypoxic injury
A decrease in the production of red blood cells happens with what type of
conditions?
Master01 | November, 2024/2025 | Latest update CONTINUE
