Limitations of a file system in data management - answer-- Data dependence
- Structural dependence
- Data redundancy leading to deletion, insertion, and modification anomalies
Components of a DBMS/database Environment - answer-- hardware, software, people, procedure, and data
Data Modeling ...
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Limitations of a file system in data management - answer-✔- Data dependence
- Structural dependence
- Data redundancy leading to deletion, insertion, and modification anomalies
Components of a DBMS/database Environment - answer-✔- hardware, software,
people, procedure, and data
Data Modeling - answer-✔is iterative and progressive
Database models - answer-✔Conceptual and Implementation
Conceptual - answer-✔The conceptual model provides a global view of an entire
database. Describes the main data objects, avoiding details and define what the
relationships are.
entities and relationships, different types of relationships
Implementation - answer-✔hierarchical, network, relational, Object Oriented
-It does support many to many relationships
Hierarchical - answer-✔upside down tree structure, 1-M relationship
-easy to understand, but drawbacks: no standards, data dependency
Network- - answer-✔upside down tree structure, supports M-M relationships
,-standards, but data dependency, difficult to implement because of the many to
many
Object Oriented - answer-✔data becomes active component of system using
methods and attributes
-You can use these Code reuse, polymorphism, encapsulation in the database
Relational: - answer-✔still most popular dbms model
Different levels of data models - answer-✔Conceptual, Internal, External, Physical
Conceptual Database model - answer-✔The output of the conceptual design
process. The conceptual model provides a global view of an entire database.
Describes the main data objects, avoiding details.
-highest level, contains least detail, not hardware or software dependent.
internal Database model - answer-✔refers to a level of data abstraction that adapts
the conceptual model to a specific DBMS model for implementation.
-adapt conceptual model to dbms that's chosen.
External Database model - answer-✔The application programmer's view of the
data environment. Given its businessunit focus, an external model works with a
data subset of the global database schema.
-both are software dependent, gives a breakdown of model into functional units
, Physical Database model - answer-✔model in which the physical characteristics
(location, path, and format) are described for the data. Both hardware- and
software-dependent.
-mapping out how to get to data, access paths,
Basic concepts about the relational database model - answer-✔entities, attributes,
tables, rows, columns, domain of an attribute, cardinality, connectivity
Entity - answer-✔person place or thing that you want to store data about
(represented as a table or relation)
+represented by rectagle
Attributes - answer-✔characteristic or property of the data or of the entity, stored as
columns
+represented by ovals
+property of an entity and stored in a table
• Row table - answer-✔instance of an entity each row is an instance
+represent a record in a file
• Column - answer-✔represent the attribute
+represent a field in a file
• Attribute domain - answer-✔specifies possible range of values
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