Inferior Infarct is seen in which 12 lead EKG leads - answer✔II, III, aVF
Septal Infarct is seen in which EKG leads - answer✔V1, V2
Anterior Infarct is seen in which EKG leads - answer✔V1, V2, V3, V4
Lateral Infarct is seen in which EKG leads - answer✔I, aVL, V5, V6
What is Prinzmetal's Angina and what is a common symptom of it? - answer✔Coronary artery
spams that result in temporary narrowing
Come complaint is that the CP comes and goes
Associated with stimulants
Treatment for Right sided MI - answer✔Think Preload.
Give Fluids to increase the preload
Inotropes help with contractility
Vasodilators decrease the workload, but the dilation can also reduce coronary perfusion.
Don't us vasopressers even though they have low BP. That is an afterload problem, right sided
MI means there will be a preload problem.
What 3 meds should you NOT give a patient experiencing a right sided MI? - answer✔Lasix,
morphine, and nitroglycerin
These DECREASE preload and right sided MI means there is a preload problem.
Which sided heart failure does Pulmonary Edema point to? - answer✔Left sided.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Left ventricle can't pump out blood effectively, resulting in fluids backing up into the lungs.
Which sided heart failure does Pulmonary HTN point to? - answer✔Right sided.
Pulmonary HTN causes constricting of the pulmonary vessels, making it harder for the RIGHT
ventricle to pump blood into. This results in fluids backing up into venous circulation causing
VENOUS CONGESTION
What is a healthy ejection fraction? - answer✔55% - 65%
What medications decrease preload? - answer✔Morphine, Nitro, Lasix
What medications decrease afterload? - answer✔Hydralazine, apresoline
What is Pheochromocytoma? - answer✔A tumor on the adrenal glands that causes it to secrete
too much epinephrine and norepinephrine
What is your goal when decreasing BP in a HTN crisis? - answer✔Decrease the BP by 20-30%
over 2-3hrs
What are Janeway Lesions? - answer✔Small, painless, erythematous lesions on palm or sole
Indicates endocarditis
When a patient with CP states leaning forward helps their CP the most, what does that likely
indicate? - answer✔Pericarditis
What is Beck's Triad? - answer✔JVD
Muffled heart tones
hypotension
Indicates cardiac tamponade
What type of shock is cardiac tamponade? - answer✔Obstructive
Target INR for patients on Coumadin - answer✔2-3
What does a wide mediastinum on a chest X-ray indicate? - answer✔A thoracic aneurysm
What type of shock does aortic aneurysm dissection cause? - answer✔Obstructive Shock
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Ideal medication for a patient experiencing an aortic aneurysm dissection? - answer✔Esmolol
or Brevibloc
They are the best beta blockers for this as they also help to reduce the shearing force as well
and decrease the BP
What 3 things do you look for in a good arterial wave from an A-line? - answer✔Rapid upstroke
Clear dicrotic notch
Definite end diastole
What is anasarca? - answer✔Generalized edema caused by right sided heart failure
In an asthma attack, when do you hear wheezing first; Inspiratory, or expiratory? -
answer✔Expiratory
Inspiratory wheezing indicates progressing/worsening asthma attack
What is the best objective measurement tool for asthmatics? - answer✔Peak Flow Meter
What are some Beta 2 Agonists and what do they casue? - answer✔Proventil, Albuterol,
Xopenx
They cause vasodilation of the lung cells and vasoconstriction of the heart cells (tachycardia)
Why use Xopenx instead of Albuterol or Proventil? - answer✔It's less likely to cause tachycardia
How does magnesium sulfate help asthma attacks? - answer✔It is a smooth muscle relaxant; it
helps relax the lung muscles. This is not a first line treatment for an asthma attack.
What two meds are in duoneb and how do they work together? - answer✔Albuterol and
Atrovent
Atrovent is a smooth muscle relaxer, helping to relax the lower airway while the albuterol
dilates the lung vessels
What can chronic bronchitis lead to? - answer✔It can cause pulmonary hypertension which can
lead to right sided heart failure.
What 3 things does a classic COPD chest xray show? - answer✔Hyperinflation
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