Exam 3 & Exam 4: NURS 5463 (Latest 2024/ 2025
Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS)
Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade
A- UTA
Normal osmolality - ANSWER280-295 mOsm/kg
Osmolality of isotonic solution - ANSWER250-375
osmolality of hypertonic solution - ANSWER>375
osmolality of hypotonic solution - ANSWER<250
Normal magnesium levels - ANSWER1.8-2.4
normal calcium levels - ANSWER4.4-5.2
NS can cause what negative affect - ANSWERacute kidney injury
LR can cause what negative affect - ANSWERcerebral edema in head injuries and
hepatic hypoperfusion
benefit of plasmalyte - ANSWERlower risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and
can be used with blood
if 3% given too fast it can cause - ANSWERintravascular volume overload
hypotonic saline contraindicated in - ANSWERhead injuries
indication of ½ NS - ANSWERhypernatremia and free water deficit
rapid administration of ½ NS can lead to - ANSWERhemolysis of RBC that leads to
depletion of intravascular volume which leads to cardiovascular collapse
dextrose in saline should be given to which 3 types of patients -
ANSWERhypoglycemic, alcohol or fasting ketoacidosis, and with insulin to treat
hyperkalemia
dextrose in saline is contraindicated in which two patients - ANSWERuncontrolled
dm and hypokalemia
what type of osmolality is D5W - ANSWERhypotonic
D% ½ NS starts __ and ends - ANSWERhypertonic; hypotonic
isotonic hyponatremia (284-295) causes - ANSWERhyperproteinemia and
hyperlipidemia
hypotonic hyponatremia (<280) hypovolemic causes - ANSWERdiarrhea, vomitting,
third spacing of fluids common from pancreatitis, hypoalbuminemia, small bowel
obstruction, use of diuretics, use of osmotic diuresis with glucose and mannitol, salt-
wasting nephropathies, cerebral salt-wasting syndrome as seen with urinary salt
wasting, possibly caused by increased brain natriuretic peptide, and
mineralocorticoid deficiency.
euvolemic hyponatremia causes - ANSWERcertain drugs like desmopressin, oxytocin,
SSRIs, thiazide diuretics, antipsychotics, MDMA, ecstasy, and NSAIDS. Conditions
include SIADH, Addison's disease, hypothyroidism, primary polydipsia, potomania,
excessive fluids, iatrogenic
two main causes of osmotic diuresis - ANSWERhyperglycemia and mannitol
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