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CoB 300 Operations Test 1 with correct Answers
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CoB 300 Operations Test 1
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CoB 300 Operations: Test 1Goods - Answers -Physical items produced by business organizations
Services - Answers -Activities that provide some combination of time, location, form,
and psychological value
Operations Management - Answers -The management of systems or processes that
create goods and/or provide services. These processes involve the planning,
coordination, and execution of all activities that create goods and services.
Supply Chain - Answers -A sequence of activities and organizations involved in
producing and delivering goods or service
Value-added - Answers -The difference between the cost of inputs and the value or
price of outputs
Process - Answers -One or more actions that transform inputs into outputs
Lead time - Answers -The time between ordering a good or service and receiving it.
Beginning of appointment and when you leave.
Model - Answers -An abstraction of reality; a simplified representation of something
System - Answers -A set of interrelated parts that must work together
Craft production - Answers -involves producing high variety of customized goods, low
volume output with skilled workers, and utilizing general-purpose equipment. The main
advantage is the flexibility to produce a wide variety of outputs providing many choices
for the need of customers. The main disadvantage is its inability to produce at low cost.
Examples: tailoring, machine shop, print shop,
Mass production - Answers -involves producing a few standardized goods at high
volume of output with low skilled workers utilizing specialized equipment. The main
advantage is low cost, efficient production. The main disadvantage is that it does not
allow easy changes in volume of output, product or process design. Examples:
automobiles, computers, mail sorting, appliances, paper,
soft drink bottling, etc.
,Identify the three major functional areas of business organizations and briefly describe
how they interrelate. - Answers -The three primary functions are operations, finance,
and marketing. Operations is concerned with the creation of goods and services,
finance is concerned with provision of funds necessary for operation, and marketing is
concerned with promoting and/or selling goods or services.
Describe operations function and the nature of the operations manager's job - Answers -
The operations function consists of all activities that are directly related to producing
goods or providing services. It is the core of most business organizations because it is
responsible for the
creation of an organization's goods or services. Its essence is to add value during the
transformation process (the difference between the cost of inputs and value and price of
outputs)
List five important differences between goods production and service operations; then
list five important similarities. - Answers -Among the important differences between
manufacturing and service operations are:
a. The nature and consumption of output.
b. Uniformity of input.
c. Labor content of jobs.
d. Uniformity of output.
e. Measurement of productivity.
Industrial Revolution - Answers -The Industrial Revolution began in the 1770s in
England, and spread to the rest of Europe and to the U.S. in the late eighteenth century
and the early nineteenth century. A number of inventions such as the steam engine, the
spinning Jenny, and the power loom helped to bring about this change. There were also
ample supplies of coal and iron ore to provide the necessary materials for generating
the power to operate and build the machines that were much stronger and more
durable than the simple wooden ones they replaced.
Scientific Management - Answers -Frederick W. Taylor, who is often referred to as the
father of scientific management, spearheaded the scientific management movement.
The science of management was based on observation, measurement, analysis,
improvement of work methods, and economic incentives. Management should be
responsible for planning, carefully selecting and training workers, finding the best way to
perform each job, achieving cooperation between management and workers, and
separating management activities from work activities.
Interchangeable parts - Answers -Parts of a product made to such precision that each
part would fit any of the identical items bring produced. It meant that individual parts
would not have to be custom made because they were standardized.
Division of Labor - Answers -Breaking up a production process into a series of tasks,
each performed by a different worker. It enabled workers to learn jobs and become
, proficient at them more quickly; avoiding the delays of workers shifting from one activity
to another.
Why are services important? - Answers -The service sector now accounts for more than
70 percent of jobs in the U.S. and that figure
continues to increase.
Why is manufacturing important? - Answers -Manufacturing is important in that it
supplies a large proportion of exports and many service jobs are dependent on
manufacturing because they support manufacturing.
Why is non manufacturing important? - Answers -Farm products are an example of non-
manufacturing goods because there is no production and the products naturally grow
without human intervention.
What are models and why are they important? - Answers -Models provide an
abstraction and simplification of reality. Mathematical models are the most abstract and
most used in operations management. These models are used to assist in various
decision-making scenarios. One of the main reasons for building mathematical models
is that the experimentation with the model enables the decision-maker to analyze the
model and make inferences about a problem without actually manipulating the real
situation or problem. Therefore, the experimentation with the mathematical model rather
than the actual problem or
situation is less time consuming and less expensive.
Why is the degree of customization an important consideration in process planning? -
Answers -Degree of customization has important implications throughout a business
organization. Generally, higher degrees of customization involve more complexity in
terms of production or service, involve different forms of layout (arrangement of the
workplace), require higher worker
skills, and have lower productivity.
Trade-offs you would consider for driving a car versus public transportation - Answers -
Initial cost, convenience, parking, taxes, time, repairs, upkeep, etc.
Trade-offs you would consider for buying a computer now versus waiting for an
improved model - Answers -Cost, technology, productivity, convenience, software
applicability, etc.
Trade-offs you would consider for buying a new car versus buying a used car - Answers
-Initial cost, repairs, warranty, upkeep, monthly payments and interest, dependability,
insurance costs, etc.
Trade-offs you would consider for speaking up in class versus waiting to get called on
by the instructor - Answers -Control of the situation, class participation, perception,
image, etc.
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