(blank) are designed to view the lumen either in a front or side viewing manner -
answer✔Flexible scopes
(blank) allow for optimal access to certain areas of the stomach and duodenum and are most
commonly utilized during ERCP - answer✔side-viewing
What is a charge coupled device or complementary metal oxide semioconducter chip based
camera? - answer✔sends digital message to a digital processor
the suction button and the biopsy cap share a **** - answer✔common channel
The suction/biopsy channel is usually between what position on a clock face - answer✔5 and 7
oclock
The (blank) cable connects to the video processing unit either wirelessly or via a separate cable.
- answer✔umbilical
Can you use saline in your water channel? - answer✔NO it can crystalize
Do not activate (blank) until the functioning end of the device is fully exited from the
endoscope channel. - answer✔energy sources
What scope is a side viewing scope? - answer✔A duodenoscope
What are external sources of endoscopic illumination? - answer✔Xenon Arc, halogen filled
tungsten filament lamp, LED
What happens when the blue button of the scope handle is depressed? - answer✔Provides
water to clear the lens
If the endoscope does not have a dedicated auxillary channel for irrigation, what channel can
be used? - answer✔The suction/biopsy channel
Informed consent is based on what 2 ethical principles? - answer✔Autonomy and self-
determination
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Is routine testing recommended prior to endoscopy? - answer✔No
When should you do a pregnancy test? - answer✔All females of child bearing age
Who should get coag tests? - answer✔active bleeding, history of bleeding, acquired
coagulopathy
Who should get a CXR? - answer✔Patients with a suspected pulmonary or cardiac
decompensation
Who should get a chem panel? - answer✔pts with impaired renal, hepatic or endocrine
function
Is there a perfect bowel prep? - answer✔nope
What would be an ideal prep? - answer✔Reliable empties colon
No effect on mucosa
Short time for ingestion and evacuation
No discomfort or signif SE
No fluid or electrolyte shifts
What is a split dose bowel regiment? - answer✔half fluid given in the evening and then half in
the morning of the colonoscopy completing at least 3 hours prior to procedure.
If you are doing rectum and sigmoid colon endoscopy what can be the prep? - answer✔1 or 2
enemas morning of procedure
If your patient is older than 65, what type of bowel prep should you use? - answer✔PEG
solutions to avoid electrolyte and fluid shifts
(blank) are osmotically balanced, non-absorbable electrolyte solutions that effect bowel
cleansing by washing out the ingested fluid without producing significant fluid or electrolyte
shifts - answer✔Isosmotic preparations
What fragile patient populations can use isosmotic preps? - answer✔Liver and renal failures,
CHF, and electrolyte imbalances
(Blank) draw plasma water into the bowel lumen to promote the evacuation of colonic
contents. They are better tolerated due to lower volume, resulting in better patient
compliance. - answer✔Hyperosmotic preparations.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
What is the downside to hyperosomotic solutions? - answer✔cause fluid loss, dehydration and
are costly. Cant give it to people with any type of failure, ileus, malabsorption or ascites
Antibiotics (are vs Are not?) generally recommended before most endoscopic procedures. -
answer✔Are NOT
Who should you give antibiotic prophylaxis to? - answer✔All patients before PEJ or PG
People undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Cirrhotic patients with Gi bleed
High risk cardiac conditions like endocarditis or prosthetic valves
In patients with liver transplant or suspected biliary obstructions
Many endoscopic procedures may be performed safely in the setting of antithrombotics. Cold
forceps mucosal biopsies may be obtained while patient is on anticoagulation. T or F? -
answer✔True
T or F
When anticoagulation is temporary (e.g. warfarin for VTE), elective endoscopic procedures
should be delayed when possible until anticoagulation is no longer necessary. - answer✔True
Procedures with a high risk of significant bleeding include: - answer✔Polypectomy • Biliary
sphincterotomy • Pneumatic or bougie dilation • Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)
placement • Endoscopic mucosal resection / endoscopic submucosal dissection (EMD/ESD) •
Endosonographic-guided fine needle aspiration and pseudocyst drainage • Laser ablation and
coagulation • Treatment of varices
Low-risk conditions for embolic event - answer✔Deep vein thrombosis • Uncomplicated or
paroxysmal nonvalvular atrial fibrillation • Bioprosthetic valve • Mechanical valve in the aortic
position
High-risk conditions for embolic event - answer✔• Atrial fibrillation associated with valvular
heart disease • Mechanical valve in the mitral position • Mechanical valve and prior
thromboembolic event
The risk of major embolism in patients with mechanical heart valves without anticoagulation
is(Blank) per 100 person-years, and is reduced to (blank) per 100 person-years in patients with
antiplatelet therapy, and to (blank) per 100 person-years in patients with warfarin. - answer✔4
2.2
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