Class notes
BIOS 1030 Heart & Blood Vessels Lecture Notes
- Course
- BIOS 1030
- Institution
- Ohio University
This is a comprehensive and detailed note on heart & blood vessels for BIOS 1030.
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BIOS 1030 The Heart & Blood Vessels paraphrased from HumanBiology, by Mader & Windelspecht, 2016, McGraw Hill, New
York, videok The Humtan Cardiovascular system: The Heart:
chapter Circulation of Blood Through the Heart; 1995, Benjamin
Cummings, Redwood City, CA; video Emergency Medical
Response chapter on The Heart’s Electrical System, 2011, The
American National Red Cross, www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/hearth-
topics/heart attack/signs and What are the Signs and Symptoms of
a Stroke from National Blood, Heart, Lung Institute, 2014, Dr. Kitty
Knowledge
Student copy
I. The Cardiovascular system
A. Consists of:
1.The heart: 4 chambered pump to circulate blood; top two
chambers are right and left atria, bottom two are right and left
ventricles
2.The blood vessels:______________________________
B.Purpose of the cardiovascular system: see figure 5.1
1. to deliver blood which
contains_____________,_____________
2. pick up waste such as _________________; waste is
removed by lungs and kidneys
3. the blood is filtered through the lymph system that we will
learn later to remove bacteria, viruses and cancer cells and pick
________________________________________
C.Types of blood vessels Mader 2016 & Dr. Kitty
1. arteries: thick walled and elastic to handle high blood
pressure, largest artery is the aorta coming out of heart and
take blood from heart to
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2. arterioles: not a thick but still elastic to handle higher blood
pressure these are smaller arteries, also work to take blood
away from heart and deliver to tissues
, Special function:
___________________________________________________
________________________________________________
hence help with homeostasis and blood pressure regulation
3. capillaries: very thin walled, blood cells flow through singly
and slowly to allow for _________________________; only
vessel that allow this;
4. venules and veins: connect to capillaries to deliver blood back
to the heart; _____________________________- to prevent
backflow and are thin walled because by the time blood gets to
veins, it is low pressure
If your doctor needs to draw a blood sample, would they want to
use your artery or your vein and why?
Vein, ________________________, thin walls so easy to do a
needle stick and ______________________________
Arterial sticks are very painful and risk severe bleeding as blood
is very high pressure
Hence if you had an injury to one of the vessels, which one could
be the most life threatening?
_____________________________________
Pathway of blood through vessels: arteries to arterioles away
from heart (except pulmonary artery) then to capillaries for
nutrient waste exchange, the to venules and veins back into
heart
D. Pathway of blood through heart; Dr. Kitty and video
“Circulation of blood through the heart” Benjamin Cummings
The heart actually has two circulations, one is called
the____________________________________________-
The other is the _______________________________
delivering blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and get rid of
waste carbon dioxide
Beginning with veins of systemic circulation, blood that is low in
oxygen and high in waste (hence blue color) enters right side of
heart into the right atrium,
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