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Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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,Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
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Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th
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Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE i
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
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a. Heart disease i
b. Childhood cancer i
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies i
ANS: C i
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
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The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood cancers
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and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1 year of age.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Planning i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, “What is meant by family-centered care?” The nurse
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should respond with which statement?
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a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family. i i i i i i i i i i
b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system. i i i i i i i i i
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life. i i i i i i i i i i i i
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making i i i i i i i i i i
process.
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ANS: C i
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-
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centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life. The family should be enabled and
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empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-making process.
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The nurse should also support the family’s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which? i i i i i i i i i i
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care i i i i i i
b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition i i i i i i
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
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d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child’s health and family situation i i i i i i i i i i i
ANS: B i
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and
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questioning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of the best research
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evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Planning i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-school program about
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childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
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a. Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among children. i i i i i i i i i
b. Immunization rates are the same among children of different races and ethnicity. i i i i i i i i i i i
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of
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fluorinated water.
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d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school-age children but may be
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diagnosed in adolescents.
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ANS: A i
When teaching parents of school-age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should include
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information about childhood obesity because it is the most common problem among children and is
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associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents about ways to prevent obesity is important to include.
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Immunization rates differ depending on the child’s race and ethnicity; dental caries continues to be a
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common chronic disease in childhood; and mental health problems are seen in children as young as
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school age, not just in adolescents.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to
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ensure atraumatic care?
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a. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool aged.
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b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
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c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral
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medications.
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d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there is
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not time for it to be effective.
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ANS: C i
The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a choice of juice
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to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of control. The preschool child
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should be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of procedures would increase anxiety.
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The family should be allowed to stay with the child during procedures, minimizing stress.
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Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the prescribed i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
cream in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–family relationship?
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a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairy tale to a patient.
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b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
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c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient.
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d. The nurse is working with a family to find ways to decrease the family’s dependence
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on health care providers.
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, Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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ANS: B i
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under involvement with
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the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-appropriate action. Discussing feelings of an
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emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a willingness to understand feelings.
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Working with parents to decrease dependence on health care providers is therapeutic and helps to
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empower the family.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Caring i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. The nurse is aware that which age-group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive
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characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?
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a. Preschool
b. Young school age i i
c. Middle school age i i
d. Adolescent
ANS: A i
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they are
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unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle school-aged children have transitional
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cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts without detailed planning but recognize
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danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have formal operational cognitive processes and are
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preoccupied with abstract thinking.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child has the
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most risk factors related to childhood injury?
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a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life i i i i i
b. Male, high activity level, stressful home life
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c. Male, even tempered, history of previous injuries
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d. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
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ANS: B i
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral characteristics, a
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high activity temperament is associated with risk-taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children to
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increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and
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living in a stressful environment has the highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a
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stable home life is low risk. A boy with previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temper is not a
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risk factor for injuries. A girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses
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has only one risk factor.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment i i i i i
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Which
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moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
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a. Justice
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