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JMU BIO 150 Exam 1 Graded A+
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JMU BIO 150 Exam 1 Graded A+
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JMU BIO 150 Exam 1 Graded A+ 2024-2025Define acquired resistance - ANSWER-genetic change that leads to bacteria becoming
resistant to an antibiotic
Define adapatation - ANSWER-inherited trait that enhances the fitness of an individual
in a given environment
Define adaptive change - ANSWER-change in response to the environment's "natural
selection:
Define artificial selection - ANSWER-form of directional selection where given traits are
selected for by humans
Define balancing selection - ANSWER-occurs when 2 distinctly different polymorphis
occur exist in relatively equal frequencies
Define biodiversity - ANSWER-the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat
(or in the world as a whole)
Define biological fitness - ANSWER-the relative survival and reproduction of one variant
compared to others in the same population
Define biological species concept - ANSWER-one or more populations whose members
interbreed under natural conditions & produce fertile offspring
Define bottleneck effect - ANSWER-reduction in population size due to a disturbance
Define differential reproduction - ANSWER-individuals that are well suited to their
environment tend to survive and leave more offspring than other
Define directional selection - ANSWER-individuals with one of the extreme phenotype
has a higher fitness than intermediate varieties
Define divergent (disruptive) selection - ANSWER-both extreme phenotype are favored
at the expense of intermediate varieties
Define ecological species concept - ANSWER--species can be characterizes by its
ecological niche
-two species cannot occupy the same niche in the same location due to competition
-can apply to telling some bacterial species apart
Define ecosystem diversity - ANSWER-measure of the variety of biotic components in a
region along with abiotic components
, Define ecosystem productivity - ANSWER-diverse systems have higher net primary
productivity
Define ecosystem services - ANSWER-all direct and indirect benefits that humans
derive from organisms and ecosystems
Define ecosystem services - ANSWER-direct and indirect benefits that humans derive
from organisms and ecosystems
Define evolution - ANSWER-change in the genetic composition of a population from one
generation to the next
Define existence value - ANSWER-economic value of a system and our willingness to
mitigate biodiversity loss
Define founder effect - ANSWER-individuals from a large population colonize new areas
Define gene flow - ANSWER-random genetic exchange of alleles population due to
migration
Define gene pool - ANSWER-all the genes in a population at a given time
Define genetic diversity - ANSWER-the total genetic information contained within all
individuals of a species, population, or community
Define genetic drift - ANSWER-change in the populations' allelic frequency due to a
random event
Define Hardy Weinberg Principle - ANSWER-the allele and genotypic frequencies in a
population with remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of
evolutionary influences
Define horizontal gene transfer - ANSWER-process in which an organism incorporates
genetic materials from another without it being its offspring
Define inbreeding depression - ANSWER-reduced survival and reproduction due to
inbreeding, increasing the likelihood of carrying recessive deleterious alleles
Define inheritance - ANSWER-some of the trait differences are inherited from the
parents to offspring
Define intersexual selection - ANSWER-male evolves traits to attract females
Define intrasexual selection - ANSWER-competition within genders
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