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JMU BIO 150 Exam 2 Verified 2024
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JMU BIO 150 Exam 2 Verified 2024
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JMU BIO 150 Exam 2 Verified 2024A phylogeny is a ___________ based on the information at hand - ANSWER-
hypothesis
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: cell wall structure - ANSWER-bacteria: peptidoglycan
archea: varied
eukarya: some-chitin or cellulose
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: circular chromosomes - ANSWER-bacteria and archea
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: DNA in nucleus - ANSWER-only eukarya
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: organelles - ANSWER-only eukarya
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: RNA polymerase has >10 subunits - ANSWER-bacteria:
no
archea & eukarya: yes
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: type of reproduction - ANSWER-bacteria & archea:
asexual
eukarya: sexual (some asexual)
Bacteria, Archea, & Eukarya: typical cell size - ANSWER-bacteria & archea: small
eukarya: large
Define adaptive radiation - ANSWER-the rapid diversification of a group of organisms
into forms filling different ecological niches via sympatry
Define aerobic - ANSWER-requires or can use oxygen
Define allopatric model - ANSWER-separation due to geographic isolation
Define anaerobic - ANSWER-does not require or cannot tolerate oxygen
Define analogous trait - ANSWER-arise when groups independently adapt to similar
environments in similar ways
Define asexual reproduction - ANSWER-a single organism produces offspring identical
to itself
Define autotrophs - ANSWER-manufacture their own building-block compounds
Define background extinction - ANSWER-standard rate of extinction
, Define behavioral isolation - ANSWER-unique behavioral patters and rituals isolate
species
Define binary fission - ANSWER-A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell
divides to form two identical cells.
Define biogeography - ANSWER-study of where organisms live, now and historically
Define biological race - ANSWER-populations of a single species that have diverged
from each other
Define chemotrophs - ANSWER-obtain energy from chemicals in the envrionment
Define circular chromosomes - ANSWER-contains genes required for normal function
Define clade - ANSWER-A group of species that includes an ancestral species and all
its descendants.
Define conjugation - ANSWER-plasmid is transferred to a recipient cell
Define convergent evolution - ANSWER-non-related organisms independently evolve
similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches
Define derived character - ANSWER-Characteristic that appears in recent parts of a
lineage, but not in its older members
Define developmental homologies - ANSWER-ancestral traits maintained during early
development due to ancestral genetic cues
Define direct molecular sequence - ANSWER-grind up a whole bunch of unidentified
bacteria and separate their DNA based on its sequence
Define dispersal and colonization - ANSWER--start with one continuous population
-goes to an isolated area (island)
-finishes with one population isolated from the other
Define divergence - ANSWER-changes in gene pool (1 or both)
Define endosymbiosis - ANSWER-Theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts were
prokaryotes engulfed and came to live within larger cells
Define faculative - ANSWER-able to, not required
Define faculative anaerobes - ANSWER-can survive with or without oxygen
Define fossil - ANSWER-any trace of an organism that lived in the past
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