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Fluids, Electrolytes, and Introduction to Acid-Base Balance Chapter 29 with Verified Solutions $9.99
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Fluids, Electrolytes, and Introduction to Acid-Base Balance Chapter 29 with Verified Solutions
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Fluids, Electrolytes, and Introduction to Acid-Base Balance Chapter 29 with Verified Solutions What is the primary function of electrolytes in the body? To help maintain fluid balance and facilitate nerve and muscle function How do kidneys help regulate fluid and electrolyte balance? ...

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  • November 26, 2024
  • 23
  • 2024/2025
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  • fluids electrolytes and introduction to acid bas

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Fluids, Electrolytes, and Introduction to
Acid-Base Balance Chapter 29 with
Verified Solutions
What is the primary function of electrolytes in the body?


✔✔ To help maintain fluid balance and facilitate nerve and muscle function




How do kidneys help regulate fluid and electrolyte balance?


✔✔ By filtering blood and adjusting the reabsorption of water and electrolytes




What is the normal range for sodium (Na+) levels in the blood?


✔✔ 135–145 mEq/L




What is the effect of dehydration on electrolyte levels?


✔✔ Dehydration can cause increased concentrations of electrolytes in the blood




What is an example of an extracellular fluid?


✔✔ Plasma




1

,How does the body compensate for metabolic acidosis?


✔✔ By increasing the respiratory rate to expel more carbon dioxide (CO2)




What is the role of bicarbonate (HCO3-) in maintaining acid-base balance?


✔✔ Bicarbonate acts as a buffer, neutralizing excess acids in the body




What are the consequences of hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels)?


✔✔ Hyperkalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness




What is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluid?


✔✔ Sodium (Na+)




What is the primary buffer system in the blood?


✔✔ The bicarbonate buffer system




How does the body respond to respiratory alkalosis?


✔✔ By retaining hydrogen ions and bicarbonate to lower pH




2

, What is the primary cause of hypokalemia (low potassium levels)?


✔✔ Excessive loss of potassium through urine, vomiting, or diarrhea




How does the body regulate pH in the blood?


✔✔ Through buffer systems, respiratory control of CO2, and renal control of bicarbonate




What is the normal range for potassium (K+) levels in the blood?


✔✔ 3.5–5.0 mEq/L




How does the intake of excess sodium affect the body?


✔✔ It can lead to fluid retention, high blood pressure, and edema




What is the role of chloride (Cl-) in maintaining fluid balance?


✔✔ Chloride helps maintain osmotic pressure and works closely with sodium




What is a common symptom of hyponatremia (low sodium levels)?


✔✔ Confusion, seizures, or muscle cramps




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