Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Unit 3: Questions and Answers Graded A+
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Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Unit 3:
Institution
Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Unit 3:
Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Unit 3:
Questions and Answers Graded A+
How does the body respond to dehydration in terms of sodium?
The body increases sodium retention to conserve water, which helps maintain blood volume.
What happens when potassium levels are too low in the body?
Low potas...
Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Unit 3:
Questions and Answers Graded A+
How does the body respond to dehydration in terms of sodium?
✔✔ The body increases sodium retention to conserve water, which helps maintain blood volume.
What happens when potassium levels are too low in the body?
✔✔ Low potassium can cause muscle weakness, fatigue, and arrhythmias due to its role in nerve
and muscle function.
What effect does hypernatremia have on the body?
✔✔ Hypernatremia causes fluid to shift out of cells, leading to dehydration and symptoms like
confusion and seizures.
How does the body compensate for a decrease in blood calcium levels?
✔✔ The parathyroid hormone is released, which increases calcium release from bones and
enhances calcium absorption in the intestines.
What is the primary function of chloride in electrolyte balance?
1
,✔✔ Chloride helps maintain osmotic pressure and works with sodium to regulate fluid balance
and maintain acid-base balance.
How does the kidneys' regulation of sodium affect water balance?
✔✔ When sodium is retained by the kidneys, water follows passively, helping to maintain blood
volume and pressure.
What happens to calcium levels during alkalosis?
✔✔ Calcium becomes less ionized and more bound to proteins, leading to symptoms of
hypocalcemia, such as muscle cramps and twitching.
How does hypomagnesemia affect the body?
✔✔ Low magnesium levels can lead to muscle twitching, cramps, and even seizures due to
increased neuromuscular excitability.
What is the role of aldosterone in fluid and electrolyte balance?
✔✔ Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which helps retain water and
regulate blood volume and pressure.
2
,What occurs when there is an imbalance in potassium levels?
✔✔ Both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia can lead to heart arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and
potential cardiac arrest.
How does respiratory acidosis affect electrolyte balance?
✔✔ Respiratory acidosis increases potassium levels in the blood as hydrogen ions move into
cells in exchange for potassium.
What is the relationship between sodium and chloride in maintaining fluid balance?
✔✔ Sodium and chloride work together to maintain osmotic pressure in the extracellular fluid,
controlling water movement.
How does the body regulate phosphate levels?
✔✔ The kidneys filter excess phosphate, and parathyroid hormone helps regulate its balance by
influencing bone mineralization.
What effect does hyperkalemia have on the heart?
✔✔ Hyperkalemia can cause dangerous arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation, due to its
effect on electrical impulses in the heart.
3
, How does the body manage excess calcium?
✔✔ The thyroid releases calcitonin, which helps lower blood calcium by promoting calcium
deposition in bones and reducing calcium reabsorption by the kidneys.
How does the presence of bicarbonate in the body help maintain pH balance?
✔✔ Bicarbonate acts as a buffer to neutralize acids, maintaining a stable pH in the blood and
tissues.
What impact does dehydration have on electrolyte concentrations?
✔✔ Dehydration causes an increase in electrolyte concentrations in the blood due to the reduced
volume of water in the body.
What is the role of albumin in maintaining fluid balance?
✔✔ Albumin helps maintain oncotic pressure in the blood, preventing fluid from leaking into
tissues and helping to regulate blood volume.
How do the kidneys control potassium excretion?
4
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