Give me knowledge so that I may show kindness to all.
Robert Tall Tree
N 421 Exam 1 Preparation Guide Fall 2024
Dear Pediatric Nursing Students,
Here is a guide to help you prepare for the exam next week. The goal of the exam is to be a fair
assessment of your knowledge, understanding and application of nursing practices related to the
pediatric topics identified below. My hope is that you will all be knowledgeable, insightful, decisive and
do very well on this exam. The topics of the exam are based on class lectures, weekly reading
assignments in the ebook, class slides and the pediatric chapter of the HESI review book.
You will need a calculator for the exam.
For each of the following topics know the assessment findings if it is a condition/disease you will be
treating as a nurse. Ask, “How would I know a child has this?” (signs and symptoms). Know the risks
to the child of this condition or disease. What would you do about it? (nursing interventions). Know
how to provide these interventions. Then be able to answer this question, “How would I know that the
nursing interventions are effective or ineffective?” (reevaluation).
If the topic is not a disease of condition, understand the topic and the implications it has for a child, for
their family, for you, and the care you provide as pediatric nurse.
If there are points of patient/family education related to these topics know them also.
Topics addressed on the exam:
1. Stressors of hospitalization for children
2. Stranger anxiety
3. Introduction of new foods
4. Iron supplements
5. Benefits of supine position/benefits of prone position for infants
6. Immunizations (overall purpose, not the specific immunization schedule)
a. vaccine is given as soon as immune system responds in a meaningful way
7. Immunity in children to infectious diseases
8. Pertussis
a. Acute bacterial infection of the lower resp tract characterized by a paroxysmal
cough.
b. Bordetella pertussis
c. Spread by droplets
, d. Duration is 6-10 weeks
e. plan of care -
i. Apnea monitor
ii. IV hydration / Feeding assistance
iii. Oxygen
iv. Nasal suctioning
v. Antibiotics
9. Safety concerns in pediatrics
a. Road traffic crashes, drowning, burns, falls, & poisoning are leading causes of
child death from injuries worldwide.
b. Car safety/Auto vs Pedestrian
c. Childproofing (burns, falls, poisons)
d. Pets, toys-------------------------
e. 2/3 of injuries occur at home
10. Apnea
a. Periods of respiratory pause that last > 20 seconds
b. Pauses of < 20 seconds but accompanied by pallor cyanosis bradycardia or
hypotension in full term infant
c. Apnea of Prematurity: Impaired resp effort due to immaturity of resp center in
the brain
11. ALTE (Apparent Life-Threatening Event)
a. Apparent life-threatening event
b. Not a diagnosis: it is a “Chief Complaint”
c. Replaces old title “near-SIDS.”
d. No confirmed relationship with SIDS
e. Apnea + change in color + change in muscle tone + choking/gagging/or
coughing > requires an intervention
f. Cause: GERD, infection, seizures, cardiac, abusive head injury, etc…
12. Weight based dosages
13. Common communicable diseases of childhood
14. Isolation for common communicable diseases of childhood
15. Group A streptococci related infections and risks
16. Conjunctivitis
17. Fever and Hyperthermia (know the difference)
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