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ATI Renal and Urinary Exam/30 Questions with Answers
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ATI Renal and Urinary Exam/30Questions with Answers
A nurse is planning care for a client who has chronic kidney disease and a
potassium level of 7.3 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the
nurse plan to take?
a.Initiate an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's solution.
b.Give spironolactone 50 mg PO BID.
c.Infuse regular insulin in dextrose 10% in water.
d.Administer supplemental phosphorus. - -Infuse regular insulin in dextrose
10% in water.
The nurses should infuse regular insulin in dextrose 10% to 20% in water to a
client who has hyperkalemia. The administration of insulin will drive the
potassium from the extracellular fluid into the intracellular fluid to decrease
the serum potassium level. The dextrose in the solution will counter the
insulin to prevent hypoglycemia from occurring.
Initiate an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's solution.The nurse should not
infuse lactated Ringer's solution because it contains potassium and is not a
treatment for hyperkalemia.
Give spironolactone 50 mg PO BID.The nurse should not administer
spironolactone to a client who has hyperkalemia because this medication is a
potassium-sparing diuretic. Spironolactone can be used to treat diuretic-
induced hypokalemia.
Administer supplemental phosphorus.
The nurse should not administer supplemental phosphorus to a client who
has chronic kidney failure due to the risk for hyperphosphatemia.
- A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will consume foods high in protein."
B. "I will decrease my intake of foods high in phosphorus."
C. "I will limit my intake of foods high in calcium."
D. "I will add salt to the foods I consume." - -B. "I will decrease my intake of
foods high in phosphorus."
A. Clients who have CKD should consume a diet low in protein because the
phosphorus content of protein becomes elevated and can cause
osteodystrophy.
B. Clients who have CKD should limit the intake of foods high in phosphorus
due to the decrease in the kidneys' ability to excrete it
, .C. Clients who have CKD often need supplemental calcium and vitamin D.
D. Clients who have CKD retain sodium and fluid. They should consume foods
low in sodium.
- A nurse is teaching a client who has urge urinary incontinence about
bladder retraining. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include?
a."If you are unable to urinate, sit on the toilet every 4 hours with water
running in the sink."
b."Increase the intervals between urination by 15 minutes per day when able
to remain continent."
c."Immediately empty your bladder when you have the urge to urinate."
d."If you are unable to urinate, plan to self-catheterize every 3 to 4 hours." -
-"Increase the intervals between urination by 15 minutes per day when able
to remain continent."
"Increase the intervals between urination by 15 minutes per day when able
to remain continent."
MY ANSWER
The nurse should instruct the client to increase the length of time between
urination by 15 min per day when able to remain continent. The goal is to
have 3- to 4-hr intervals between urination.
"If you are unable to urinate, sit on the toilet every 4 hours with water
running in the sink."
The sound of running water is a sensory stimulus that promotes normal
micturition, but it does not reduce urinary incontinence.
"Immediately empty your bladder when you have the urge to urinate."The
nurse should teach the client to delay urination in order to lengthen the
intervals between urination. By increasing the bladder's ability to suppress
urination, the client should be able to develop continence.
"If you are unable to urinate, plan to self-catheterize every 3 to 4 hours."The
nurse should recommend self-catheterization for a client who has functional
urinary incontinence, not urge incontinence.
- A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome and has been
taking prednisone for 3 days. Which of the following adverse effects should
the nurse monitor for and report to the provider?
A. Sore throat
B. Frequent stools
C. Drowsiness
D. Tremors - -A. Sore throat
A. Glucocorticoids depress the natural immune system and increase the
client's risk for infection. A sore throat can indicate an infection.
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