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Samenvatting inleiding in de filsofie met inbegrip van wetenschapsleer (13/20)
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  • Course
  • Inleiding in de filosofie met inbegrip van wetenschapsleer (C03A2A)
  • Institution
  • Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)

Dit is een document dat bestaat uit het boek, notities van de hoorcolleges, slides Dit document bereid je volledig voor op het examen. Ik behaalde een 13 op 20 TIP: Er worden 2 termen gevraagd en 2 open vragen

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Document information

  • November 27, 2024
  • 118
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary

Subjects

  • filosofen
  • marxisme
  • platonisme

Written for

  • Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
  • Criminologische Wetenschappen
  • Inleiding in de filosofie met inbegrip van wetenschapsleer (C03A2A)
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INHOUDSOPGAVE


INLEIDING ....................................................................................................................................... 6


PRELIMINARIA (THEORETISCH) ................................................................................................................ 6
PLATO’S GROT ..................................................................................................................................... 6
FILOSOFIE EN IDEOLOGIE ........................................................................................................................ 7
HISTORICITEIT VAN DE FILOSFIE ............................................................................................................... 8
WERELDBEELDEN ................................................................................................................................. 8


DEEL 1: LOTGEVALLEN FILOSOFISCHE RATIONALITEIT ...................................................................... 9


1.OUDHEID ........................................................................................................................................ 9
1. VAN MYTHOS NAAR LOGOS................................................................................................................. 9
1.1 VAN MYTHOS NAAR LOGOS (I) .................................................................................................................. 9
1.1VAN MYTHOS NAAR LOGOS (II) ............................................................................................................... 10
1.1NATUURFILOSOFEN ............................................................................................................................... 10
1.2 NATUURFILOSOFEN (HERACLITUS & PARMENIDES) .............................................................................. 11
1.2 HERACLITUS (543 V.CHR) .................................................................................................................... 11
1.2 FILOSFIE VAN HET WORDEN ................................................................................................................... 12
1.2 PARMENIDES (515-440 V.CHR.............................................................................................................. 12
1.2 FILOSFIE VAN HET ZIJN .......................................................................................................................... 13
1.3 ETHIEK SOFISTEN EN SOCRATES ........................................................................................................ 14
1.3 ETHIEK ............................................................................................................................................... 14
1.3 SOFISTEN............................................................................................................................................ 14
1.3 SOCRATES (466, 399 V.CHR) ................................................................................................................ 15
ETHISCH INTELLECTUALISME ........................................................................................................................ 15
1.4 SYSTEEMBOUWERS PLATO EN ARISTOTLES ......................................................................................... 16
1.4 PLATO (428-337 V.C) ......................................................................................................................... 16
1.4 CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................................ 17
1.4 CONTINUÏITEIT EN VERNIEUWING ........................................................................................................ 17
1.4 ETHIEK ............................................................................................................................................... 18
1.4 EPISTEMOLOGIE ................................................................................................................................... 19
1.4 HET GOEDE ......................................................................................................................................... 20
1.4 METHODE .......................................................................................................................................... 20
1.4 ARISTOTELES (384-322V.C) ................................................................................................................. 22
1.4 SYSTEMATISCHE WETENSCHAP ........................................................................................................... 22
1.4 CATEGORIEEËN .................................................................................................................................... 23
1.4 SUBSTANTIES EN ACCIDENTEN ................................................................................................................ 24
1.4 OORZAKEN...................................................................................................................................... 24
1.4 STATISCH PERSPECTIEF: HYLEMORFISME ................................................................................................... 25
1.4 KENNIS .............................................................................................................................................. 26
1.4 DYNAMISCH PERSPECTIEF ...................................................................................................................... 27

,1.4 ACT EN POTENTIE ................................................................................................................................. 27
1.4 HOOGSTE ZIJNDE ................................................................................................................................. 27
1.4 HET GODDELIJKE ZIJNDE ........................................................................................................................ 28
1.4 ETHIEK ............................................................................................................................................... 28
1.4 DEUGD............................................................................................................................................... 29
1.5 LATE OUDHEID (STOA, EPICURISME, NEOPLATONISME).......................................................................... 30
1.5 CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................................ 30
1.5 STOA ............................................................................................................................................. 30
1.5 EPICURISME ........................................................................................................................................ 31
1.5 NEOPLATONISME ................................................................................................................................. 31


2. MIDDELEEUWEN ....................................................................................................................... 32


2.1 AUGUSTINUS ............................................................................................................................... 32
2.1 CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................................ 32
2.1 AUGUSTINUS....................................................................................................................................... 33
2.1 PHILOSOPHIA CHRISTIANA ..................................................................................................................... 34
2.2 HERONTDEKKING ARISTOTELES .................................................................................................... 34
2.2 MIDDELEEUWSE NATUURFILOSFEN .......................................................................................................... 35
2.3 ARITOTELISCHE CONFLICTSTOF ......................................................................................................... 35
2.3 THOMAS VAN AQUINO ( 1225-1275) .................................................................................................... 36
2.3 EPISTEMOLOGIEE ................................................................................................................................. 37
2.3 TRANSCEDENTE VORMEN ...................................................................................................................... 37
2.3 TRANSCENDENTIE VAN HET GODDELIJKE ................................................................................................... 38
2.3 ONSTEERFELIJKHEEID VAN D ZIEL ............................................................................................................. 39
2.3 ETHIEK ............................................................................................................................................... 39
2.3 WILLEM VAN OCKHAM ......................................................................................................................... 39
2.3 NOMINALISME .................................................................................................................................... 40
2.3 REALISMEE VS NOMINALISME ................................................................................................................. 40
2.3 SCHEERMES VAN OCKHAM .................................................................................................................... 41


3. MODERNITEIT............................................................................................................................ 42


3. MIDDELEEUWSE NATUURFILOSOFIE ........................................................................................................... 42
3. GODSDIENSTOORLOGEN .................................................................................................................. 42
3. NIEUWE WETENSCHAP .................................................................................................................... 43
3. FRANCIS BACON (1561-1626)................................................................................................................ 45
3. GEVOLGEN............................................................................................................................................ 45
3. OPMARS VAN HET SUBJECT ............................................................................................................... 46
3. WIJSBEGEEERTE TEN DIENSTE VAN WETENSCHAP & SUBJECT..................................................................... 47
3. NIEWE WETENSCHAP .............................................................................................................................. 47
3. RATIONALISME (DESCARTES) ............................................................................................................ 48
3. CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................................. 48
3. METHODE............................................................................................................................................. 49

,3. EERST ZEKEHEID: COGITO (I)..................................................................................................................... 50
3. HET PROBLEEM VAN DE BRUG .................................................................................................................. 50
3. TWEEDE ZEKERHEID: GOD ........................................................................................................................ 51
3. EERSTE GODSBEWIJS: A POSTERIORI........................................................................................................... 51
3. TWEEDE GODSBEWIJS: A PRIORI ................................................................................................................ 51
3. IDEE VAN ONEINDIGHEID ......................................................................................................................... 52
3. DERDE ZEKERHEID: BUITENWERELD ........................................................................................................... 52
3. CONCLUSIE ........................................................................................................................................... 53
3. EMPRISME & SCEPTICISME (LOCKE & HUME) ....................................................................................... 54
3. DESCARTES IN EEN NOTENDOP ................................................................................................................. 54
3. NO INNATE IDEAS! ................................................................................................................................. 55
3. SCEPTICISME ......................................................................................................................................... 56
3. CAUSALE INFERENTIE (GROND CAUSALITEIT) ............................................................................................. 57
3. FILOSOFISCH WOORDENBOEK ................................................................................................................... 58
3. KRITISCH REALISME KANT................................................................................................................. 59
3. CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................................. 59
3. UITGANGSPUNTEN ................................................................................................................................. 60
3. METHODE ( DE WEG) .............................................................................................................................. 60
3. TRANSCENDENTALE ESTETIEK ................................................................................................................... 61
3. ABSOLUUT IDEALISME HEGEL ............................................................................................................ 62
3. CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................................. 63
3. REACTIE TEGEN KANT .............................................................................................................................. 63
3. ABSOLUUT IDEALISME ............................................................................................................................ 64
3. DIALECTIEK ........................................................................................................................................... 65
3. DE GEEST .............................................................................................................................................. 65
3. HISTORISCH MATERIALISME MARX .................................................................................................... 66
3. VERVREEMDING..................................................................................................................................... 67
3. OORZAAK ............................................................................................................................................. 68
3. KRITIEK OP HEGEL .................................................................................................................................. 68
3. ARBEID ................................................................................................................................................ 69
3. KLASSENSTRIJD ...................................................................................................................................... 70


4. EINDE VAN DE MODERNITEIT .................................................................................................... 71


4. REVOLUTIE, GRENZEN GELOOF IN WETENSCHAP & ONTTRONING SUBJECT.................................................... 71
4. REVOLUTIE & WETENSCHAPPEN ............................................................................................................... 71
4. ONTTRONING VAN HET SUBJECT ............................................................................................................... 72
4. WIJSGERIGE REVOLUTIE ........................................................................................................................... 74
4. HEDENDAAGSE CONTINETALE WIJSBEGEERTE ........................................................................................ 75
4. NIHILISME NIETSCHE ....................................................................................................................... 75
4. CULTUURKRITIEK ................................................................................................................................... 75
4. PLATONISME ......................................................................................................................................... 76
4. REMEDIE .............................................................................................................................................. 77
4. FENOMENOLOGIE HUSSERL .............................................................................................................. 77
4. CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................................. 78

, 4. VERTREKPUNT ....................................................................................................................................... 78
4. METHODE............................................................................................................................................. 79
4. INTENTIONALITEIT .................................................................................................................................. 80
4. REALISME OF IDEALISME.......................................................................................................................... 81
4. INVULLING INTENTIONALITEIT................................................................................................................... 81
4. RECONSTRUCTIE & WAARNEMING ............................................................................................................ 81
4. EXISTENTIËLE FENOMENOLOGIE (HEIDEGGER) ....................................................................................... 82
4. EXISTENTIÊLE FENOMENOLOGIE ................................................................................................................ 83
4. EXISTENTIALEN ...................................................................................................................................... 84
4. SARGE.................................................................................................................................................. 84
4. MIT SEIN .............................................................................................................................................. 85
4. ENTSCHLOSSENHEIT................................................................................................................................ 85
4. TIJDELIJKHEID ........................................................................................................................................ 86
4. ANGST EN DOOD .................................................................................................................................... 87
4. ZIJN EN DE TIJD (I) ................................................................................................................................. 87
4. ZIJN EN TIJD (II) ..................................................................................................................................... 88
4. EXISTENTIALISME (SARTRE) .............................................................................................................. 89
4. EXISTENTIALISME ................................................................................................................................... 89
4. EN-SOI VS POUR-SOI ............................................................................................................................... 89
4. DRIEDIMENSIONALE CONFLICTUALITEIT ...................................................................................................... 90
4. MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY...................................................................................................................... 91
4. ALBERT CAMUS ...................................................................................................................................... 91
4. DECONSTRUCTIE (DERRIDA).............................................................................................................. 92
4. CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................................. 92
4. KRITIEK OP TRADITIE ............................................................................................................................... 93
4. PLATO SCHRIJVER ................................................................................................................................... 93
4. HETERONOMIE ...................................................................................................................................... 94
4. DIFFÉRANCE .......................................................................................................................................... 94
4. DE WERELD ALS TEKST ............................................................................................................................. 95
4. DECONSTRUCTIE .................................................................................................................................... 95
4. WITGTGENSTEIN I & II ..................................................................................................................... 96
4.TAALFILOSOFIE ....................................................................................................................................... 96
4. MODUS SIGNIFICANDI ............................................................................................................................. 96
4. CONTINENTALE VS ANALYTISCHE WIJSBEGEERTE........................................................................................... 96
WITTGENSTEIN I ....................................................................................................................................... 97
4. REALITEIT VS FICTIE................................................................................................................................. 98
4. GEVOLGEN............................................................................................................................................ 99
4. DAS MYSTISCHE ..................................................................................................................................... 99

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