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HESI PHARMACOLOGY V1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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HESI PHARMACOLOGY V1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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2023-2024 HESI PHARMACOLOGY V1QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Aynurseyisycaringyforyayclientywithyhyperparathyroidismyandynotesythatytheyclient'syseru
mycalciumylevelyisy13ymg/
dL.yWhichymedicationyshouldytheynurseyprepareytoyadministeryasyprescribedytoytheyclie
nt?1.yCalciumychloride
2.yCalciumygluconate
3.yCalcitoniny(Miacalcin)
4.yLargeydosesyofyvitaminyDy-yanswer--3.yCalcitoniny(Miacalcin)
Rationale:y
Theynormalyserumycalciumylevelyisy8.6ytoy10.0ymg/
dL.yThisyclientyisyexperiencingyhypercalcemia.yCalciumygluconateyandycalciumychlorid
eyareymedicationsyusedyforytheytreatmentyofytetany,ywhichyoccursyasyayresultyofyacuteyh
ypocalcemia.yInyhypercalcemia,ylargeydosesyofyvitaminyDyneedytoybeyavoided.yCalciton
in,yaythyroidyhormone,ydecreasesytheyplasmaycalciumylevelybyyinhibitingyboneyresorpti
onyandyloweringytheyserumycalciumyconcentration.
Oralyironysupplementsyareyprescribedyforyay6-year-
oldychildywithyironydeficiencyyanemia.yTheynurseyinstructsytheymotherytoyadministerythe
yironywithywhichybestyfoodyitem?
1.yMilk
2.yWater
3.yAppleyjuice
4.yOrangeyjuicey-yanswer--4.yOrangeyjuice
Rationale:y
VitaminyCyincreasesytheyabsorptionyofyironybyytheybody.yTheymotheryshouldybeyinstruct
edytoyadministerytheymedicationywithyaycitrusyfruityoryayjuiceythatyisyhighyinyvitaminyC.yMi
lkymayyaffectyabsorptionyofytheyiron.yWaterywillynotyassistyinyabsorption.yOrangeyjuiceyc
ontainsyaygreateryamountyofyvitaminyCythanyappleyjuice.
Salicylicyacidyisyprescribedyforyayclientywithyaydiagnosisyofypsoriasis.yTheynurseymonitor
sytheyclient,yknowingythatywhichyofytheyfollowingywouldyindicateytheypresenceyofysystem
icytoxicityyfromythisymedication?
1.yTinnitus
2.yDiarrheay
3.yConstipationy
4.yDecreasedyRespirationsy-yanswer--1.yTinnitus
Rationale:y
,Salicylicyacidyisyabsorbedyreadilyythroughytheyskin,yandysystemicytoxicityy(salicylism)yc
anyresult.ySymptomsyincludeytinnitus,ydizziness,yhyperpnea,yandypsychologicalydisturb
ances.yConstipationyandydiarrheayareynotyassociatedywithysalicylism.
Theycampynurseyasksytheychildrenypreparingytoyswimyinytheylakeyifytheyyhaveyappliedys
unscreen.yTheynurseyremindsytheychildrenythatychemicalysunscreensyareymostyeffectiv
eywhenyapplied:
1.yImmediatelyybeforeyswimming
2.y15yminutesybeforeyexposureytoytheysun
3.yImmediatelyybeforeyexposureytoytheysun
4.yAtyleasty30yminutesybeforeyexposureytoytheysuny-yanswer--
4.yAtyleasty30yminutesybeforeyexposureytoytheysun
Rationale:y
Sunscreensyareymostyeffectiveywhenyappliedyatyleasty30yminutesybeforeyexposureytoyt
heysunysoythatytheyycanypenetrateytheyskin.yAllysunscreensyshouldybeyreappliedyafterys
wimmingyorysweating
Mafenideyacetatey(Sulfamylon)yisyprescribedyforytheyclientywithyayburnyinjury.yWhenyap
plyingytheymedication,ytheyclientycomplainsyofylocalydiscomfortyandyburning.yWhichyofyt
heyfollowingyisytheymostyappropriateynursingyaction?
1.yNotifyingytheyregisteredynurse
2.yDiscontinuingytheymedication
3.yInformingytheyclientythatythisyisynormal
4.yApplyingyaythinneryfilmythanyprescribedytoytheyburnysitey-yanswer--
3.yInformingytheyclientythatythisyisynormal
Rationale:y
Mafenideyacetateyisybacteriostaticyforygram-negativeyandygram-
positiveyorganismsyandyisyusedytoytreatyburnsytoyreduceybacteriaypresentyinyavascularyt
issues.yTheyclientyshouldybeyinformedythatytheymedicationywillycauseylocalydiscomfortya
ndyburningyandythatythisyisyaynormalyreaction;ythereforeyoptionsy1,y2,yandy4yareyincorre
ct
Theyburnyclientyisyreceivingytreatmentsyofytopicalymafenideyacetatey(Sulfamylon)ytoythe
ysiteyofyinjury.yTheynurseymonitorsytheyclient,yknowingythatywhichyofytheyfollowingyindica
tesythatyaysystemicyeffectyhasyoccurred?1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevatedybloodypressurey
3.Localypainyatytheyburnysitey
4.Localyrashyatytheyburnysitey-yanswer--1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:y
Mafenideyacetateyisyaycarbonicyanhydraseyinhibitoryandycanysuppressyrenalyexcretiony
ofyacid,ytherebyycausingyacidosis.yClientsyreceivingythisytreatmentyshouldybeymonitore
dyforysignsyofyanyacid-
baseyimbalancey(hyperventilation).yIfythisyoccurs,ytheymedicationyshouldybeydiscontinu
edyfory1ytoy2ydays.yOptionsy3yandy4ydescribeylocalyratherythanysyeffects.yAnyelevatedybl
oodypressureymayybeyexpectedyfromytheypainythatyoccursywithyayburnyinjury.
,Isotretinoinyisyprescribedyforyayclientywithysevereyacne.yBeforeytheyadministrationyofythi
symedication,ytheynurseyanticipatesythatywhichylaboratoryytestywillybeyprescribed?
1.yPlateletycount
2.yTriglycerideylevel
3.yCompleteybloodycounty
4.yWhiteybloodycellycounty-yanswer--2.yTriglycerideylevel
Rationale:y
Isotretinoinycanyelevateytriglycerideylevels.yBloodytriglycerideylevelsyshouldybeymeasur
edybeforeytreatmentyandyperiodicallyythereafteryuntilytheyeffectyonytheytriglyceridesyhasy
beenyevaluated.yOptionsy1,y3,yandy4ydoynotyneedytoybeymonitoredyspecificallyyduringyth
isytreatment.
Ayclientywithysevereyacneyisyseenyinytheyclinicyandytheyhealthycareyprovidery(HCP)ypres
cribesyisotretinoin.yTheynurseyreviewsytheyclient'symedicationyrecordyandywouldycontac
tythey(HCP)yifytheyclientyisytakingywhichymedication?
1.yVitaminyA
2.yDigoxiny(Lanoxin)y
3.yFurosemidey(Lasix)y
4.yPhenytoiny(Dilantin)y-yanswer--1.yVitaminyA
Rationale:y
IsotretinoinyisyaymetaboliteyofyvitaminyAyandycanyproduceygeneralizedyintensificationyof
yisotretinoinytoxicity.yBecauseyofytheypotentialyforyincreasedytoxicity,yvitaminyAysupplem
entsyshouldybeydiscontinuedybeforeyisotretinoinytherapy.yOptionsy2,y3,yandy4yareynotyco
ntraindicatedywithytheyuseyofyisotretinoin
Theynurseyisyapplyingyaytopicalycorticosteroidytoyayclientywithyeczema.yTheynurseywoul
dymonitoryforytheypotentialyforyincreasedysystemicyabsorptionyofytheymedicationyifytheym
edicationywereybeingyappliedytoywhichyofytheyfollowingybodyyareas?
1.yBack
2.yAxilla
3.ySolesyofytheyfeet
4.yPalmsyofytheyhandsy-yanswer--2.yAxilla
Rationale:y
Topicalycorticosteroidsycanybeyabsorbedyintoytheysystemicycirculation.yAbsorptionyisyhi
gheryfromyregionsywhereytheyskinyisyespeciallyypermeabley(scalp,yaxilla,yface,yeyelids,y
neck,yperineum,ygenitalia),yandyloweryfromyregionsyinywhichypermeabilityyisypoory(back
,ypalms,ysoles).
Theyclinicynurseyisyperformingyanyadmissionyassessmentyonyayclient.yTheynurseynotesy
thatytheyclientyisytakingyazelaicyacidy(Azelex).yBecauseyofytheymedicationyprescription,yt
heynurseywouldysuspectythatytheyclientyisybeingytreatedyfor:
1.yAcne
2.yEczema
3.yHairyloss
4.yHerpesysimplexy-yanswer--1.yAcne
Rationale:y
, Azelaicyacidyisyaytopicalymedicationyusedytoytreatymildytoymoderateyacne.yTheyacidyapp
earsytoyworkybyysuppressingytheygrowthyofyPropionibacteriumyacnesyandydecreasingyt
heyproliferationyofykeratinocytes.yOptionsy2,y3,yandy4yareyincorrect.
Theyhealthycareyprovideryhasyprescribedysilverysulfadiaziney(Silvadene)yforytheyclientyw
ithyaypartial-thicknessyburn,ywhichyhasyculturedypositiveyforygram-
negativeybacteria.yTheynurseyisyreinforcingyinformationytoytheyclientyaboutytheymedicati
on.yWhichystatementymadeybyytheyclientyindicatesyaylackyofyunderstandingyaboutytheytr
eatments?
1.y"Theymedicationyisyanyantibacterial."
2.y"Theymedicationywillyhelpyhealytheyburn."
3.y"Theymedicationywillypermanentlyystainymyyskin."
4.y"Theymedicationyshouldybeyappliedydirectlyytoytheywound."y-yanswer--
3.y"Theymedicationywillypermanentlyystainymyyskin."
Rationale:y
Silverysulfadiaziney(Silvadene)yisyanyantibacterialythatyhasyaybroadyspectrumyofyactivity
yagainstygram-negativeybacteria,ygram-
positiveybacteria,yandyyeast.yItyisyappliedydirectlyytoytheywoundytoyassistyinyhealing.yItyd
oesynotystainytheyskin.
Aynurseyisycaringyforyayclientywhoyisyreceivingyanyintravenousy(IV)yinfusionyofyanyantine
oplasticymedication.yDuringytheyinfusion,ytheyclientycomplainsyofypainyatytheyinsertionysi
te.yDuringyanyinspectionyofytheysite,ytheynurseynotesyrednessyandyswellingyandythatythey
rateyofyinfusionyofytheymedicationyhasyslowed.yTheynurseyshouldytakeywhichyappropriat
eyaction?
1.yNotifyytheyregisteredynurse.
2.yAdministerypainymedicationytoyreduceytheydiscomfort.
3.yApplyyiceyandymaintainytheyinfusionyrate,yasyprescribed.y
4.yElevateytheyextremityyofytheyIVysite,yandyslowytheyinfusiony-yanswer--
1.yNotifyytheyregisteredynurse.
Rationale:y
Whenyantineoplasticymedicationsy(ChemotherapeuticyAgents)yareyadministeredyviayIV
,ygreatycareymustybeytakenytoypreventytheymedicationyfromyescapingyintoytheytissuesysu
rroundingytheyinjectionysite,ybecauseypain,ytissueydamage,yandynecrosisycanyresult.yTh
eynurseymonitorsyforysignsyofyextravasation,ysuchyasyrednessyoryswellingyatytheyinsertio
nysiteyandyaydecreasedyinfusionyrate.yIfyextravasationyoccurs,ytheyregisteredynurseynee
dsytoybeynotified;yheyorysheywillythenycontactytheyhealthycareyprovider.
Theyclientywithysquamousycellycarcinomayofytheylarynxyisyreceivingybleomycinyintraven
ously.yTheynurseycaringyforytheyclientyanticipatesythatywhichydiagnosticystudyywillybeypr
escribed?
1.yEchocardiography
2.yElectrocardiography
3.yCervicalyradiography
4.yPulmonaryyfunctionystudiesy-yanswer--4.yPulmonaryyfunctionystudies
Rationale:y
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