What are the four components of Pharmacokinetics? - answer✔absorption, distibution,
metabolism, elimination
What affects Absorption - answer✔affected by a full stomach, and the gastric pH
-drug must be able to cross cell membranes to move throughout the body
rate of absorption of lipid soluble drugs - answer✔pass through cell membrane rapidly
onset of action of liquid medication - answer✔liquid medication has a rapid onset of action
since it's already dissolved
what route of administration is the fastest and why - answer✔Intravenous administration is the
fastest absorption and has best control
--> result of 100% bioavailability
distribution - answer✔the movement of the drug from CIRCULATION to the body tissues
what is the first pass effect - answer✔after oral drugs are absorbed from the GI tract, they pass
form the intestinal lumen to the liver via the portal vein.
-in the liver some parts of the drug are metabolized into an inactive form, and are excreted
--> reduces the amount of active drug available to exert a pharmacologic effect
how does pharmacology impact the elderly in terms of excretion levels - answer✔change in
pharmacokinetics results in slower excretion, which can cause higher (and sometimes toxic)
levels
what tests/levels need to be monitored in geriatric patients due to changes in pharmacokinetics
- answer✔-monitor renal and hepatic function with lab testin, BUN, liver enzymes, serum
creatinine, & serum cholesterol
drugs transportation in elderly, chronically ill, & malnourished patients - answer✔-many drugs
are transported by binding to protein, which is inactive when bound
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