This document offers simplified and clear A-level Psychology notes on Schizophrenia, making it easier to understand and revise key concepts. Packed with essential statistics and names required for the topic, it provides an organised and concise alternative to navigating through lengthy textbooks, h...
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by disruptions
in thought processes, perceptions, and emotions.
Affects 1% of the population worldwide and is diagnosed using:
o The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders).
o The ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases).
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Hallucinations:
o Perception-like experiences that occur without external stimuli.
o Most common: auditory hallucinations, such as hearing
voices.
o Can also include visual, olfactory, or tactile hallucinations.
Delusions:
o Strongly held irrational beliefs resistant to contrary evidence.
o Examples:
Delusions of grandeur: Belief in being superior (e.g.,
thinking they’re a god).
Delusions of persecution: Belief that others are out to
harm them.
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Speech Poverty (Alogia):
o Reduction in the quality and quantity of verbal communication.
Avolition:
o Lack of motivation to carry out goal-directed activities.
o Often mistaken for laziness.
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