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ECO 182 UNIT 2 TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

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ECO 182 UNIT 2 TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Equilibrium The price at which quantity supplied is equal to quantity demanded is the equilibrium price Deadweight Loss (DWL) represents the value of mutually beneficial transactions foregone Characteristics of ...

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  • December 1, 2024
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ECO 182 UNIT 2 TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED


Equilibrium

The price at which quantity supplied is equal to quantity

demanded is the equilibrium price

Deadweight Loss (DWL)

represents the value of mutually beneficial transactions foregone

Characteristics of Perfect Competition

1. Many buyers and many sellers.

2. The goods offered for sale are largely the same.

3. Firms can freely enter or exit the market.

4. Complete Information

Perfect comp in the SR

If MR > ATC, firms make a profit and operate in the short run

If AVC < MR < ATC, firms make a loss but operate in the short run

If MR < AVC, firms shut down in the short run

Perfect comp in the LR

If the firm is making a profit, operate

If the firm is making a loss, exit

(The long-run price is the minimum of the ATC; the long-run profit is 0)

When do market failures occur?

, when the individual pursuit of their own self-interest results in a deadweight loss (does

not result in an efficient outcome)

Why do market failures occur?

Market failures are often the result of the assumptions of perfect competition failing to

hold

What are the four types of market failures?

Market power(Monopoly, Oligopoly, Monopolistic competition)

Externalities

Limited property rights(Public goods, Common resources)

Asymmetric information

Sources of barriers to entry for monopolies

Control of scarce resources or inputs

High fixed costs of entry and low marginal costs (natural monopolies)

Technological superiority

Network externalities

Patents and copyrights

Characteristics of Monopolistic competition

Many sellers (and many buyers)•

No barriers to entry•

Therefore, long-run economic profits are zero

Differentiated goods

Therefore, demand is downward-sloping

•Therefore, can mark price up over MC

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