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BIO 431 Ch.21 Exam Questions with Latest Update
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BIO 431 Ch.21 Exam Questions with Latest Update
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BIO 431 Ch.21 Exam Questions withLatest Update
Which of the following is not one of the three main factors influencing blood pressure?
a. emotional state
b. blood volume
c. cardiac output
d. peripheral resistance - Answer-a. emotional state
The term ductus venosus refers to ________.
Select one:
a. a condition of the aged in which the arteries lose elasticity
b. damage to the valves in the veins, leading to varicose veins
c. a fetal shunt that bypasses the lungs
d. a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver - Answer-d. a
special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver
Peripheral resistance ________.
a. is not a major factor in blood pressure in healthy individuals
b. increases as blood vessel diameter increases
c. increases as blood viscosity increases
d. decreases with increasing length of the blood vessel - Answer-c. increases as blood
viscosity increases
The pulse pressure is ________.
a. systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure
b. systolic pressure divided by diastolic pressure
c. systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
d. diastolic pressure plus 1/3 (systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure) - Answer-c.
systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
Arteriole blood pressure increases in response to all but which of the following?
a. rising blood volume
b. increasing stroke volume
c. falling blood volume
d. increasing heart rate
e. all of these - Answer-c. falling blood volume
,Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction
and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?
a. hydrostatic pressure only
b. plasma and formed element concentration
c. blood volume and viscosity
d. hydrostatic and osmotic pressure - Answer-d. hydrostatic and osmotic pressure
Which of the following are involved directly in pulmonary circulation?
a. right atrium, aorta, and left ventricle
b. superior vena cava, right atrium, and left ventricle
c. left ventricle, aorta, and inferior vena cava
d. right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and left atrium - Answer-d. right ventricle, pulmonary
artery, and left atrium
Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is
the primary function of ________.
a. capillaries
b. arterioles
c. arteries
d. veins - Answer-a. capillaries
Which of the following signs of hypovolemic shock is a relatively late sign?
a. cold, clammy skin
b. rapidly falling blood pressure
c. increased heart rate
d. rapid, thready pulse - Answer-b. rapidly falling blood pressure
What do the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale become at birth?
a. ligamentum arteriosum; fossa ovalis
b. ligamentum teres; fossa ovalis
c. ligamentum arteriosum; ligamentum teres
d. fossa ovalis; ligamentum arteriosum - Answer-a. ligamentum arteriosum; fossa ovalis
Secondary hypertension can be caused by ________.
a. stress
b. arteriosclerosis
c. obesity
d. smoking - Answer-b. arteriosclerosis
Which of the following chemicals does not help regulate blood pressure?
, a. nitric acid
b. atrial natriuretic peptide
c. angiotensin II
d. ADH - Answer-a. nitric acid
Which of the choices below does not involve tissue perfusion?
a. gas exchange in the lungs
b. absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract
c. blood clotting
d. delivery of oxygen and nutrients to, and removal of wastes from, tissue cells -
Answer-c. blood clotting
Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?
a. hypovolemic, caused by increased blood volume
b. circulatory, where blood volume is normal and constant
c. vascular, due to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone
d. cardiogenic, which results from any defect in blood vessels - Answer-c. vascular, due
to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone
Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and
continuous blood circulation?
a. basement membrane
b. tunica intima
c. tunica media
d. tunica externa - Answer-c. tunica media
Which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction?
a. tunica interna
b. tunica media
c. tunica externa
d. tunica albuginea
e. tunica fascia - Answer-b. tunica media
When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle layer contracts producing
a. tear in the vessel.
b. new vessel branching off the artery or arteriole.
c. a vascular spasm.
d. tetanus.
e. increased blood flow to the damaged vessel. - Answer-c. a vascular spasm
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