Exam (elaborations)
BIOC 431 UNL Exam 2 Questions and Answers
- Course
- Institution
BIOC 431 UNL Exam 2 Questions and Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
BIOC 431 UNL Exam 2 Questions andAnswers
5 major classes of proteins - Answer-1. metabolic enzymes
2. structural proteins
3. transport proteins
4. cell signaling
5. genomic caretaker proteins
metabolic enzymes - Answer-- Reaction catalysts that control metabolic flux
- Catalyze biochemical reactions involved in energy conversion pathways by
- Synthesis and degradation of macromolecules
structural proteins - Answer-- Maintain integrity of cell structures and promote changes
in cell shape
- Most abundant protein in organisms
- Ex: cytoskeletal proteins: actin, tubulin, collagen
actin - Answer-found in muscle of animal cells, subunits self-assemble into thin
filaments that control cell shape and cell migration
tubulin - Answer-tubulin monomers self-assemble into long polymers called
microtubules that act as tracks on which organelles and chromosomes are transported
transport proteins - Answer-- Facilitate movement of molecules within and between cells
- Abundant in plasma membrane: allow polar and charged molecules to enter/exit cell
- Two classes: passive and active
cell signaling - Answer-- Function as molecular switches to transmit extracellular and
intracellular signals
- Ex: membrane receptors, nuclear receptors, intracellular signaling proteins
Genomic Caretaker Proteins - Answer-- Maintain integrity and accessibility of genomic
information
- Repair mutations in DNA of reproductive cells
DNA polymerase - Answer-uses DNA template to guide synthesis of complementary
DNA strands
DNA lisgase - Answer-seal newly formed DNA
Topoisomerase - Answer-unwind DNA
, DNA primase - Answer-assist DNA polymerase by preparing DNA template for
replication
Photolyase - Answer-repairs thymine dimers that are formed from UV radiation
RecBCD protein complex - Answer-facilitate DNA repair or recombination
passive transport - Answer-move biomolecules across a membrane in the same
direction as concentration gradient; doesn't not require energy
Ex: porins which frequently contain beta barrels
aquaporins - Answer-transport water molecules across a hydrophobic membrane
active transport - Answer-move biomolecules against a concentration gradient; requires
energy
Secondary Active Transport - Answer-use energy available from down downhill
electrochemical gradient from one molecule to another to cotransport a second
molecule against an uphill gradient
Secondary active antiporter - Answer-transport of two molecules in opposite directions
Secondary active symporter - Answer-transport of two molecules in the same direction
free energy equation - Answer-G=RTln( C2/C1)+ZFV
what makes up a muscle - Answer-Muscles contain myofibrils which are made of thin
and thick filaments arranged into units called sarcomeres; z-disks anchor the thin and
thick filaments
- Myosin - makes up thick filaments
- Actin - makes up thin filaments
muscle contraction mechanism - Answer-- In relaxed muscle, binding site for myosin on
actin are blocked by tropomyosin coil
- Ca2+ binds to troponin complex which induces conformational change in troposyosin
coil that uncovers the myosin binding site on actin
- Myosin heads bind to act and initiate muscle contraction
Myoglobin - Answer-concentrated in muscle and stores O2; Single polypeptide chain
with one heme group
Hemoglobin - Answer-- protein in blood cells, transports heme bound O2 from
lungs/tissues through circulatory system
- Four polypeptides; tetrameric (2 alpha, 2 beta subunits, 1 heme each)
- Heme - Fe2+-porphyrin complex
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lectknancy. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
48756 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now