,Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
p p p p p
Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
p p p p p p p p
MULTIPLE CHOICE p
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly in a
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
community would assist in which of the following?
p p p p p p p p
a.Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 2020 p p p p p p p
b.Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population
p p p p p p p p p
c.Improving Medicare reimbursement claims p p p
d.Providing access to primary health care services p p p p p p
ANS: A p
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objective to
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
promote health and prevent disease.
p p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application p p REF: p. 2 p p
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
p p p MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to perform the
p p p p p p p p p p p p
assessment is a
p p p
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist. p p
d. registered dietitian. p
ANS: D p
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Registered
p p p p p p p p p p p p
dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and professional
p p p p p p p p p p p p
prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly prepares them to
p p p p p p p p p p p p
conduct a nutrition assessment.
p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 1 p p p p
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
p p p p p p p p p
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: C p
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
provides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
p p p p p p p p p p p
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
p p p p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
p p p p p p
4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
a. vitamins.
b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: D p
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out necessary
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
p p p p p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
p p p p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
p p p p p p
5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
p p p p p p p p p
d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
p p p p p p p p p p
ANS: D p
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building units
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process that
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
p p p p p p p p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 p p p p
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
p p p p p
6. A 65-year-old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate
p p p p p p p p p p p
prequirements. The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
provide is
p kcal/day. p
a. 400 to 700 p p
b. 100 to 300
pp p p p
c. 500 to 800 p p
d. 900 to 1200
p p p
ANS: A p
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so for a 2000-
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
kcal diet, 400 to 700 kcal should be provided.
p p p p p p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 4 p p p p TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p p
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
p p p p p p p
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
, c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: A p
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
body. It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
p p p p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
p p p p p p
8. The number of kilocalories provided by one slice of bread that contains 30 g carbohydrate, 3 g
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
protein, and 1 g fat is
p p p p p p kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
pp p
c. 141
d. 306
pp p
ANS: C p
Calculate as follows: Carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, protein provides 4 kcal/g, and fat
p p p p p p p p p p p p
provides 9 kcal/g. Therefore:
p p p p
30 g carbohydrate 4 kcal/g = 120 kcal
p p p p p p
3 g protein 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal
p p p p p p
1 g fat 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal
p p p p p p
= 141 total kcal (120 kcal + 12 kcal + 9 kcal)
p p p p p p p p p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 4 p p p p
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
p p p p p
9. The number of kilocalories from fat in a sandwich that contains 22 g fat is
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
pp p
c. 154
d. 198
pp p
ANS: D p
Fat provides 9 kcal/g. Thus, 22 g fat
p p p p p p p 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal. p p p
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 4 p p p p
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
p p p p
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
p p p p p
10. The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 15 g protein is
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p pp
kcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
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