Exam (elaborations)
BIOL325 - Midterm 2 Questions answers latest update
- Course
- BIOL325
- Institution
- University Of Richmond
BIOL325 - Midterm 2 Questions answers latest update
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BIOL325 - Midterm 2Venturi meter - prairie dog burrows
- prairie dog burrows has 2 openings, one raised and one at ground level
- as air flowing hit the mound, it constricts the flow and the pressure drops;
causes air to flow down a pressure gradient
- venturi meter used to measure velocity of a fluid by passing it from a tube with a
large SA to a tube with a smaller SA
Pitot tube
- measures velocity by converting kinetic energy into pressure energy
- a moving fluid hits the opening of the tube, stagnates converting it dynamic
pressure into static pressure
kinematic viscosity
- Dynamic viscosity divided by density
- tendency of a fluid to flow due to gravitational forces acting on it
- units: stokes
angular momentum
- mr^2w = mvr
- must be conserved
Bristles
low Re: paddle; fluid sticks to hair
high Re: sieve; inertial forces > viscous forces, fluid flows between hair
Leakiness
volume/time of fluid passing between hairs divided by volume/time without hairs
, Travelling at low Re
- each stroke cancels out the previous as the drag produced is equal in both
directions
- beating cilia, corkscrew flagella
Adverse pressure gradient
- causes reversal of flow at the bottom of the boundary layer
- leads to flow separation
Frictional drag
- occurs tangential to surface of object
- occurs as a direct result of the viscosity of fluid
- due to shearing of fluid in boundary layer
- proportional to velocity: u(v/l)S
Pressure drag
- normal to the surface of the object
- occurs as an indirect result of the viscosity of the fluid reducing momentum
leading to flow separation
Blimp shaped object
S is calculated as volume^0.67
Cd at low Re
- Fd low due to friction drag
- pressure drag very low
- Cd very high
Cd at high Re
- Fd high due to pressure drag
- pressure drag also high
- Cd close to 1
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