proctalgia fugax causes ___ syndrome - Answer: levator ani syndrome
2 factors that influence starling curve - Answer: x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
2 causes of SCID - Answer: ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses - Answer: clomiphene (clones- multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
erythema infectiosum - Answer: slapped cheek
parvovirus B19
nonspecific fever/prodrome then slapp cheek rash 5 days later, then rash appears on arms and
spreads to trunk/legs
rash can worsen w fever and sun exposure
Page 2 of 72
,TORCH infxn so baby in womb that is exposed can lead to hydrops fetalis
immune complex in glomerular mesangium 2 days after URI
berger or PSGN? - Answer: berger
PSGN is 2 wks post URI
painless enlarging tumor in left testis 75 yo - Answer: diffuse large B cell lymphoma
most common in 70-80s
choriocarcinoma affecst what age group - Answer: 15-35
What drugs raise uric acid levels
hint: Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care - Answer: Pyrazinamide, Thiazide,
Furosemide,
Niacin,
Cyclosporine
What two enzymes are inhibited when ingesting lead paint? - Answer: Heme synthesis path:
ALA dehydratase (aladin hydra tazer) and Ferrochelatase (chelates iron to protoporphyrin).
Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) - Answer: Federal funds for children in families
that fall below state standards of need. In 1996, Congress abolished AFDC, the largest federal
cash transfer program, and replaced it with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
block grant
Page 3 of 72
, What is the torulopsis glabrata? - Answer: a type of candida fungus that can infect people with
weakened immune systems.
What parasympathetic ganglion do you treat for rhinitus? - Answer: The sphenopalatine
ganglion goes to the lacrimal/nasal glands and the submandibular/ sublingual glands.
What is methemoglobinemia? - Answer: - Iron in heme is oxidized to Fe3+ (cannot bind oxygen)
- "Fe2 binds O2"
- Seen with oxidant stress or in newborns
- Classic finding is cyanosis with chocolate-colored blood
- Tx: Methylene blue
(note different from CO poisoning which creates carboxyhemoglobin and holds onto O2 tightly)
what does plasmodium falciparum look like? - Answer: causes most sever anemia of
plasmodium spp. b/c affects young and old erythrocytes
what neurotransmitter is associated with headaches? - Answer: Serotonin is implicated in
migraine headaches.
Is it okay to ask a daughter who is a minor to translate for your patient? - Answer: no, ACA rules
prohibit doctors from relying on minors when speaking to LEP(limited english proficiency)
patients. They can do so only in emergency situations.
what are two common causes of pneumonia in neonates (<4weeks)? - Answer: Group B strep
(strep agalactiae) and
E. coli
Page 4 of 72
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