NSG 251- PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT 100% CORRECT |
LATEST UPDATE 2025
Cystitis - ANSWER✅ Infection of the bladder
Nephrotoxicity - ANSWER✅ Toxic to the kidneys
Ototoxicity - ANSWER✅ Toxic to hearing
HTN - ANSWER✅ Hypertension
Enzyme induction - ANSWER✅ drugs stimulate the metabolism, can cause
decreased pharmacological effects
Enzyme inhibition - ANSWER✅ occurs with concurred administration of 2+ drugs
that compete for the same metabolizing enzymes > inhibits drug metabolizing MIs
and can lead to drug toxicity
Serum half-life - ANSWER✅ -the time required for the serum concentration of
the drug to be decreased by half
-generally, takes 5 half-lives for drugs to be considered removed
-it could take several days for some drugs to become therapeutic (most work this
way)
, Serum drug level - ANSWER✅ measurement of a drug in the blood at a particular
time
Onset - ANSWER✅ the time required for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
Peak - ANSWER✅ -highest blood level of the drug
-toxicity occurs if peak is too high
Duration - ANSWER✅ the length of time the drug concentration is sufficient to be
therapeutic
Trough - ANSWER✅ -lowest blood level of the drug
-not enough of the drug to be effective, disease could come back
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER✅ the study of what the drug does to the body
Therapeutic effect - ANSWER✅ a positive change in a faulty physiological system
(the goal of drug therapy)
3 things drug receptors can do: - ANSWER✅ -increase/decrease the intercellular
enzyme activity
-change the membrane permeability
-change synthesis and release of neuro hormones (which regulate various
physiological processes)
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