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Exam 2: NURS618/ NURS 618 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Pathophysiology Guide | Qs & As | 100% Correct (Verified Answers)- Southeastern Louisiana $10.99
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Exam 2: NURS618/ NURS 618 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Pathophysiology Guide | Qs & As | 100% Correct (Verified Answers)- Southeastern Louisiana
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Exam 2: NURS618/ NURS 618 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Pathophysiology Guide | Qs & As | 100% Correct (Verified Answers)- Southeastern Louisiana Q: Oxy-Hg dissociation curve Answer: - Hemoglobin with bound oxygen. Hemoglobin bounds to oxygen more readily when its affinity is increased and re...

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  • December 5, 2024
  • 26
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nurs618 nurs 618 latestnurs618 nurs
  • exam 2 nurs618 nurs 618 latest update pathophy
  • nurs618nurs 618nurs618 nurs 618 final exam
  • nurs618nurs 618nurs618 nurs 618 exam
  • nurs618nurs 618nurs618 nurs 618 exam

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Examl2:lNURS618/lNURSl618l(Latest
lUpdate)lPathophysiologylGuidel|lQsl&lAsl|l
100%lCorrectl(VerifiedlAnswers)-
lSoutheasternlLouisiana
Q:lOxy-Hgldissociationlcurve

Answer:
-
lHemoglobinlwithlboundloxygen.lHemoglobinlboundsltoloxygenlmorelreadilylwhenlitslaffinityl
islincreasedlandlreleaseslitlmorelreadilylwhenlitslaffinitylisldecreased.lThelaffinityloflhemoglob
inlforloxygenlchangeslwithlhemoglobinlsaturation.lItlislalsolinfluencedlbylpH,lCO2lconcentrati
on,landlbodyltemp.lBindsloxygenlmorelreadilylwithlincreasedlpHl(alkalosis),ldecreasedlCO2lco
ncentration,landldecreasedlbodyltemp.
-
lHemoglobinlislcomposedloflfourlpolypeptidelchains,lwhichlmeanslitlcanlbindlfourlmoleculeslo
floxygenlwhenlitslfullylsaturated.
-
lThelrelationlbetweenltheloxygenlcarriedlinlcombinationlwithlhemoglobinlandlthelPO2loflthelbl
ood.
-lX-axisldepictslthelPO2lorldissolvedloxygenlinlthellungs.lThelleftlY-
axisldepictslHglsaturationlorlthelmountlofloxygenlthatlislcarriedlbylHg.lThelrightly-
axisldepictsloxygenlcontentlorltotallamountlofltheloxygenlcontentlbeinglcarriedlinlthelblood.lSl
shapeloflthelcurvelreflectsltheleffectlthatloxygenlsaturationlhaslonlthelconformationloflthelhem
oglobinlmoleculelandlitslaffinitylforloxygen.lPO2lislapproximatelyl100lmmlHglwhenlroomlairli
slbreathedlbutlcanlriseltol200lmmlHglorlhigherlwhenloxygenlenrichedlairlislbreathed.lAtl100lm
mlHglPO2,lalplateauloccurs.lAtlthislpoint,lthelhemoglobinlisl98%lsaturated.lIncreasedlthelalveo
larlPO2labovelthisllevelldoeslnotlincreaselthelhemoglobinlsaturation.lBetweenl60-
40lmmlHg,litlrepresentslthelremovallofloxygenlfromlthelhemoglobinlaslitlmoveslthroughltheltis
suelcapillaries.lThislportionlreflectslalconsiderableltransferlofloxygenlfromlhemoglobinltolthelti
ssueslwithlonlylalsmallldroplinlPO2.lThislensureslalgradientlforloxygenltolmovelintolbodylcells
.lTheltissueslnormallylremovelapproximatelyl5lmLlofloxygenlperl100lmLloflbloodlandlthelhem
oglobinloflmixedlvenouslbloodlislapproximatelyl75%lsaturatedlaslitlreturnsltolthelrightlsideloflt
helheart.lInlthislportionlof

,Q:lalshiftltolthelrightlinlthelOxy-Hglcurve

Answer:
indicateslthatltheltissuelPO2lislgreaterlforlanylgivenllevelloflhemoglobinlsaturationlandlreprese
ntslreducedlaffinityloflthelHglforloxygenlatlanylgivenlPO2.lUsuallylcausedlbylconditionslthatlr
eflectlincreasedltissuelmetabolism,lsuchlaslfeverlorlacidosis,lorlbylincreaselinlPO2.lHighlaltitud
elandlconditionslsuchlaslpulmonarylinsufficiency,lheartlfailurelandlanemialcanlalsolshiftlcurvelt
olleftlorlright.




Q:lalshiftltolthelleftlinlthelOxy-Hglcurve

Answer:
-
lrepresentslanlincreasedlaffinityloflHglforloxygen.lOccurslinlsituationslassociatedlwithlaldecrea
selinltissuelmetabolism,lsuchlaslalkalosis,ldecreasedlbodyltemp,landldecreasedlPO2llevels.




Q:lMetaboliclacidosis

Answer:
reductionlinlpHlbecauseloflaldecreaselinlHCO3-
.lCauseslanlincreaselinlventilationltoldecreaselinlPCO2




Q:lRespiratorylacidosis

Answer:
decreaselinlpH,lreflectinglaldecreaselinlventilationlandlanlincreaselinlPCO2.lCauseslanlincrease
linlH+lexcretionlandlincreasedlHCO3-lreabsorption




Q:lAntiHTNltherapy

, Answer:
aimsltolslowlthelprogressionloflnephronllosslbylloweringlintraglomerularlhypertensionlandlhyp
ertrophy.lHTNlincreaseslproteinurialbecauselofltransmissionloflthelelevatedlpressureltolthelglo
meruli.lACE-
IlandlARBsl(whichlhavelaluniqueleffectlonlthelglomerularlmicrocirculation)larelincreasinglylbe
inglusedlinltheltreatmentloflHTN.lHTNlinlCKDlcanlincludelincreasedlvascularlvolume,lelevatio
nloflperipherallvascularlresistance,ldecreasedllevelsloflrenallvasodilatorlprostaglandins,landlincr
easedlactivityloflthelrenin-
angiotensionlsystem.lEarlyltreatmentloflHTNlhaslbeenlshownltolslowlthelprogressionloflkidney
ldisease.




Q:lDiuretics

Answer:
-
lcanlbelusedltolhelplwithlkidneylproblemslbecauselpeoplelwithlCKDltendltolhavelanlincreasedl
prevalenceloflLVldysfunction,lwithldepressedlLVlEFlandlimpairedlventricularlfilling.lThislislca
usedlfromlfluidloverload.lCongestivelHFlandlpulmonaryledemaltendltoloccurlinllatelstagesloflk
idneylfailure.
-
lblocklthelreabsorptionloflsodiumlinlthelrenalltubules,landlsomelexertlosmoticleffectslthatlpreve
ntlwaterlreabsorptionlinlthelwaterlpermeablelpartsloflthelnephron.lBylblockinglreabsorption,lthe
ylcreatelanlosmoticlpressurelgradientlwithinlthelnephronlthatlpreventslthelpassivelreabsorptionl
oflwaterl->lNalandlwaterlarelretainedlinltheltubulel->lpromotinglexcretionloflboth.




Q:lOsmoticlDiuretics

Answer:
proximalltubule;laccountslforl65%loflfilteredlsodiumlreabsorption




Q:lLoopldiuretics

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