NURS618/ NURS 618 EXAM 3: (NEW 2024/ 2025
UPDATE) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY GUIDE | QS & AS | 100%
CORRECT (VERIFIED ANSWERS)-
History taking in older adults - ANS ✓Skin irritation under pendulous breasts
from tissue-to-tissue contact or from rubbing of brassiere; treatment
Hormone therapy during or since menopause: name and dosage of medication;
duration of therapy
Breast Self-Awareness - ANS ✓Breast self-awareness has replaced breast self-
examination (BSE) as a tool in the detection of breast cancer
The American Cancer Society no longer recommends that all women perform
monthly BSE but does support it as an option for women who are comfortable
performing it
The lesson learned from a randomized clinical trial is that intensive teaching of
BSE does not improve its effectiveness
Self-awareness be more effective for detecting breast cancer than structured BSE
Every woman should be familiar with her own breasts and should report any
breast change promptly to her health care provider
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NURS
Women can notice changes in their breasts by being aware of how their breasts
normally feel and feeling their breasts for changes
Clinical Breast Exam - ANS ✓The sensitivity of CBE in detecting breast cancer
ranges from 40% to 69% and the specificity from 88% to 99%
The sensitivity of CBE combined with mammography is greater than that of
mammography alone because CBE can detect cancer missed by mammography
No trial has compared CBE alone with no screening
Mammography - ANS ✓The sensitivity of mammography screening is 77% to
95%, whereas specificity is 94% to 97%
Factors influencing effectiveness:
Age
Time since last examination
Breast tissue density
Equipment
Skill of interpreter
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ANS ✓MRI in high-risk women without
cancer has a sensitivity of 71% to 100% and a specificity of 81% to 97%
MRI is used to supplement mammography and clinical breast examination for
screening of women who are at high risk of developing breast cancer from
genetic mutations
NURS618
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