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Summary - Cytologie en histologie

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Samenvatting van 2 pagina's voor het vak Cytologie en histologie aan de UGent (samnevatting hsito)

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  • December 8, 2024
  • 2
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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Hoofdstuk 3: kraakbeen

Vervolg. Vanuit hoofdstuk 2: soorten bindweefsels
1. Steunweefsel
1.1. Kraakbeen
Inleiding
= steunweefsel = een soort bindweefsel => een primair weefsel
- Plooibaar: niet bros, bevat veel water
- Geen bloedvaten, bezenuwing en lymfevaten
- Opbouw: cellen (fyboblasten,fybocyten) + extracellulaire component


Typen kraakbeen
 Hyalien kraakbeen
=doorschijnend wit, in articulair kraakbeen
- Voorkomen: luchtwegen, gewrichten, ribrooster, adamsappel, ambryo
- Cellen
o chondrocyten, liggen in lacunes in de grondstof
rond
grote nucleus + veel nucleoli
celoppervlak = veel uitstulpingen  vergroot uitwisselingsoppervlak
cytoplasma: uitgebreid RER -> veel ribosomen, groot golgi, veel
mitochondriën
chondronen -> matrix = drukkussen
o chondroblasten = jonge cellen (dicht tegen perichondrium) = elliptisch
+ nog geen chondronen
- Extracellulair materiaal
o vezels
= rechte structuren, vormen netwerk
collageen 2 -> in drie identieke ketens
o grondsubstantie
Proteoglycanen = proteïne-as met glysaminoglycanen
- veroudering: verkalking en asbestvezel-uitzicht
- Perichondrium (niet aanwezig bij vrije gewrichtsopp.)
= bevat bedekt hyalien kraakbeen, ontwikkeling vh kraakbeen
dicht bindweefsel
fibroblasten (mesenchymale cellen)  differentiëren tot
kraakbeencellen
o voeding diffusie => adhv bloedvaten, lymfevaten, zenuwelementen
 chondrocyten heeft glycolytisch metabolisme
 bevat veel chondroïtinesulfaat, veel glycogeen
o regeneratie (degeneratie: herstellen) => traag, vanuit perichondrium

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