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Biochemistry-How Do genes Direct the Production of Proteins
Dive into the fascinating world of molecular biology with this comprehensive textbook. Covers the basics of DNA structure
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BiochemistryHow Do Genes Direct The Production Of Proteins
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of VII pages
1. Cells achieve their specialized functions based upon (2)
the expression of specific genes and any subsequent post-translational modifications of the resulting proteins
2. DNA is into RNA, which is into Protein
transcribed
translated
3. in prokaryotes, when do transcription and translation occur?
simultaneously
4. is DNA or RNA more stable?
DNA is very stable, RNA degrades quickly as pH raises
5. RNA contains (2)
uracil
ribose sugar
6. DNA contains (2)
thymine
deoxyribose is missing an OH group
7. In both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes only one strand of the DNA is transcribed into RNA depending upon
gene
8. the RNA molecule being synthesized is made in the direction and therefore the DNA strand that is used as
5 to 3
3 to 5
9. in both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes gene transcription can proceed in opposite directions from
one gene to the next
10. In Prokaryotic organisms the DNA is organized in a linear or contiguous fashion and transcription of the
template for protein synthesis (translation)
11. In Prokaryotic organisms the RNA transcript can be translated into a protein during the transcription
no nucleus
12. In Eukaryotic organisms the DNA is broken up into regions or blocks of sequence that will give rise to
the protein sequence (coding regions or exons)
13. These exons are separated by (2)
regions that do not code for protein (introns) and regions at the 5 and 3 ends that do not encode protein called
14. In Eukaryotic organisms one strand of the DNA is first copied in a linear fashion and then the introns are
splicing
15. Subsequent modifications take place that give rise to the mature mRNA, which is transported out of the
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
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