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samenvatting Genie Biologie 5.2 - thema 3, hoofdstuk 2
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thema 3, hoofdstuk 2: celcyclus bij eukaryoten gebruik van afbeeldingen en schematische tekeningen getypt word document volgens de structuur van het boek
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H2: de celcyclus bij eukaryoten1 FASEN VAN DE CELCYCLUS BIJ EUKARYOTEN
celcyclu
s
interfas celdelin
e g
G1 S G Mitose/ cytokines
2 meiose e
reductie
deling
2n
Mitose
Aanmaak nieuwe somatische cellen
Dochtercellen identiek aan moedercel
Meiose
Vorming gameten
Haploïde (n) dochtercellen uit diploïde (2n) moedercel
≠
= 2n 2
mitose n n
meiose
2n 2
n n n n n
=
mens: 46 chromosomen ≠
, Interfase: eu- en heterochromatine
Voor DNA-replicatie: elk chromosoom bestaat uit 2 chromatinevesels
Start celdeling: condenseren tot twee zusterchromatiden -> zichtbaar onder
microscoop
duur varieert
verschillende fases
2 INTERFASE
G1 = GAP1
groei: toename cytoplasma
aanmaak proteïnen en nucleotiden
chromatinevezels
S-periode (=syntheseperiode)
DNA-replicatie (zie H1 p170)
Cohesine = eiwit dat 2 chromatinevezels verbindt ter hoogte van centromeer
G2 = GAP2
Controle: nieuw DNA indien beschadigd -> herstel of
apoptose
Verdubbeling centriolenpaar
Aanmaak histonen: spiralisatie en candensatie
Aanmaak extra membraanmateriaal
G0 = out of cycle
Stamcellen van zenuwweefsel en spierweefsel: tijdelijk
geen deling
Cellen met beschadigd DNA: permanent in G0
Zenuwcellen, botcellen en skeletspierweefsel: permanent in G 0
+ weetje
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