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BCH 367 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECGT DETAILED ANSWERS..pdf
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BCH 367 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONSWITH CORRECGT DETAILED ANSWERS.
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories - ANSWER- four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N - ANSWER- 99%
Proteins Structure - ANSWER- linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins - ANSWER- Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein - ANSWER- Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins - ANSWER- Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense,
catalysis, etc.
Nucleic acids structure - ANSWER- Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids - ANSWER- nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids - ANSWER- Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids - ANSWER- Information storage and transfer
Lipids Structure - ANSWER- Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic
regions
# of Monomers in Proteins - ANSWER- 20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids - ANSWER- 4
Major Functions of Lipids - ANSWER- Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure - ANSWER- Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates - ANSWER- Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates - ANSWER- MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates - ANSWER- Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell
interaction sites
, Central dogma - ANSWER- describes the basic principles of biological information
transfer & specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA
to the proteins that perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma - ANSWER- Dna -> (transcription) RNA ->
(translation) Protein
In replication.... - ANSWER- Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ;
Enzyme = DNA Polymerase
In transcription... - ANSWER- Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ;
Enzyme = RNA Polymerase
In translation... - ANSWER- Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ;
Enzyme = Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus - ANSWER- two
Fucntion of nucleus - ANSWER- The information center that holds the DNA of the
organism ; Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria - ANSWER- two
Function of Mitochondria - ANSWER- Energy production centers that produce ATP
through respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts - ANSWER- two
Function of Chloroplasts - ANSWER- Photosynthesis centers that convert light to
chemical energy ; Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) - ANSWER- one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER- Membraous sack used for
processing exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) - ANSWER- one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER- ER where proteins destined for
cellular membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex - ANSWER- one
Function of Golgi Complex - ANSWER- Stacked membranes involved in protein sorting
and preparation of secretory granules
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