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Campbell Essential Biology, 6e (Simon/Dickey/Hogan/Reece)
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Chapter 2 Essential Chemistry for Biology
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Chapter 2 Learning Outcomes
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2 Biology and Society: Radioactivity and Health
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2.1. Define radiation and explain how it can be dangerous. Explain how radiation can be usedin
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medicine.
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2.1 Some Basic Chemistry N N
2.2. Distinguish between matter, mass, elements, and compounds. Give examples of each.
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2.3. Explain why trace elements are important for human health.
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2.4. Describe the relative size, location, and electrical charge of protons, neutrons, and
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electrons within an atom. Explain how the atomic number, mass number, and
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atomicmass are determined.
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2.5. Define an isotope and explain how radioactive isotopes are used in biological research
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and medicine.
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2.6. Distinguish between ionic, covalent, and hydrogen chemical bonds. N N N N N N N
2.7. Describe the structure of water and explain how its shape makes water a polar molecule.
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2.8. Distinguish between the reactants and products of chemical reactions. N N N N N N N N
2.2 Water and Life N N
2.9. Describe the four life-supporting properties of water. Describe an example of how each
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property affects some form of life.
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2.10. Distinguish between the chemical properties of acids, bases, and neutral solutions.
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Explain how buffers stabilize the pH of acidic and basic solutions.
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2.11. Describe the potential impact of rising levels of carbon dioxide on the pH of the ocean.
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2 Evolution Connection: Radioactivity as an Evolutionary Clock N N N N N N
2.12. Explain how radioactive isotopes are used in radiometric dating.
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Global Learning Outcomes
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1. Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry. N N N N N N N N
2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical-thinking skills. N N N N N N N N N
3. Read and interpret models, graphs, and data.
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4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in biology. N N N N N N N N
5. Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society. N N N N N N N N N
6. Evaluate the credibility of scientific information from various sources.
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7. Demonstrate the ability to make connections between concepts across biology. N N N N N N N N N
8. Communicate effectively in writing. N N N
9. Apply the scientific method to interpret information and draw conclusions.
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2.1 Multiple Choice Questions N N
1) How can radiation be controlled and safely used in medicine?
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A) Apply radiation throughout the body at uncontrolled doses.
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B) Apply radiation throughout the body at controlled doses.
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C) Apply radiation to specific parts of the body at uncontrolled doses.
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D) Apply radiation to specific parts of the body at controlled doses.
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Answer: D
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Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.1
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2) N is an example of an element. N N N N N
A) Water
B) Carbon
C) Glucose
D) Salt
Answer
N
:
B
Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.2
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3) The four most common elements found in living organisms are
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A) nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and carbon N N N N
B) carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen
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C) carbon, oxygen, potassium, and calcium
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D) oxygen, calcium, hydrogen, and carbon N N N N
Answer: B
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Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.2
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4) Which of the following elements, essential to life, is a trace element?
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A) phosphorus
B) carbon
C) iodine
D) calcium
Answer:
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C
Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.3
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5) In order to have a positive charge, an atom must have
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A) more protons than electrons
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B) more electrons than protons
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C) more neutrons than protons
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D) more protons than neutrons
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Answer: A
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Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.4
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6) All atoms of an element have the same number of
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A) protons plus neutrons N N
B) protons
C) electrons
D) neutrons
Answer:
N
B
Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.4
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7) An atom'sN are found in its nucleus. N N N N
A) neutrons and protons N N
B) protons only N
C) neutrons and electrons N N
D) electrons, protons, and neutrons N N N
Answer: A
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Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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Learning Outcome: 2.4
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8) Beryllium's atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4. How many neutrons are found in a
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beryllium atom?
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A) 9
B) 13
C) 4
D) 5
Answer
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D
Topic: 2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
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Skill: Application/Analysis
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Learning Outcome: 2.4
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Global LO: 2, 4 N N N
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