NHA Study Guide for Medical Assistant EXAM NEW
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Purpose of heart valves - ANSWER-To prevent backflow of blood thereby assuring uni-directional flow
thru the heart
Characteristics of AV cusped valves - ANSWER-tough fibrous rings
long and strong leaflets (cuspids)
Accessory organs such as papillary muscles and chordae tendinae
Atrioventricular valves (AV) - ANSWER-located between the atria and ventricles
Tricuspid valve - ANSWER-located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
Bicuspids Mitral Valve - ANSWER-located between the left atrium and left ventricle
Pulmonic Valve - ANSWER-located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk
Aortic valve - ANSWER-located between the left ventricle and aorta
The first branches coming out of Aorta and supply the heart with oxygenated blood - ANSWER-The right
and left coronary arteries
Two branches of the left coronary arteries - ANSWER-Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery
Left Circumflex (LCX) artery
Systole - ANSWER-the period of contractions of both Arial and Ventricles
Diastole - ANSWER-The period of relaxation and filling of all cardiac chambers
, heart sound causes - ANSWER-Closure of the heart valve
S1 first heart sound (Lubb) - ANSWER-occurs during ventricle contraction and the closure of AV valves
S2 second heart sound (Dupp) - ANSWER-occurs during ventricular relaxation when SL valves
(Pulmonary and Aortic Valves) close.
heart murmur causes - ANSWER-By diseases of the valves or other structural abnormalities
Heart Rate - ANSWER-the number of heart contractions per minute
Normal heart rate - ANSWER-between 60 to 100
the heart rate controls - ANSWER-Chemo-receptors(chemical sensors)
Baro-receptors (pressure receptors)
located in Aortic Arch and Carotid arteries
The heart is under the influence by the - ANSWER-Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) are divided into - ANSWER-Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous
System
Heart as a Pump - ANSWER-The blood volume ejected outside the heart is equal to the blood volume
returning back into the heart
Stroke Volume (preload) - ANSWER-the blood volume ejected outside the ventricle after each
contraction
The stroke volume depends on - ANSWER--the volume of blood returning into the heart
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