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SUMMARY CASE LAW: EUROPEANCRIMINAL LAW
INHOUDSOPGAVE
inhoudsopgave................................................................................................................... 1
Part 1. Introduction: history and sources............................................................................5
A: European Convention on Human Rights......................................................................5
B: Multilateral Cooperation in the Council of Europe........................................................5
C: Criminal law and the European Union..........................................................................5
1: the impact of European Community Law..................................................................5
CJEU 14 december 1995 (Giorgio Domingo Banchero)..............................................5
CJEU 2 february 1982 (Ian William Cowan v. Trésor public).......................................6
2: the impact of the European Union............................................................................7
Titrle V. Area of freedom, security and justice, treaty on the functioning of the
European Union......................................................................................................... 7
Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union...............................................7
D. Interrelation ECHR – CoE - EU......................................................................................7
ECHR 30 june 2005 (Bosphorus)...................................................................................7
Part 2. Substantive criminal law.......................................................................................... 9
CJEU 8 october 1987 (Kolpinghuis)...............................................................................9
CJEU 7 january 2004 (Criminal proceedings against X).................................................9
A: Sword function: obligation to incriminate and to punish............................................10
1: ECHR...................................................................................................................... 10
art 2 ECHR: the right to life.....................................................................................10
art 3 ECHR: prohibition of Torture and inhuman and degrading treatment or
punishment............................................................................................................. 10
ECHR 17 december 2002 (A v. UK).......................................................................10
Art 4 ECHR: the prohibition of Slavery and forced Labour.......................................11
ECHR 26 october 2005 (Siliadin v. France)...........................................................11
art 8 ECHR: The right to respect of private and family life, home and
correspondence....................................................................................................... 12
ECHR 4 december 2003 (M.C. v. Bulgaria)...........................................................12
2: Conventions CoE..................................................................................................... 13
3: Union law................................................................................................................ 13
B: Shield function: Invoking European law as a defence................................................13
Part 3. Investigative Measures (and human rights limits).................................................14
A: Institutional framework.............................................................................................. 14
1
, Klip, A., European criminal law, Cambridge, intersentia, 2021, p. 581-629................14
B: Obligation to investigate........................................................................................... 14
ECHR 4 may 2001 (McKerr v UK)................................................................................14
ECHR 2 december 2008 (K.U. v. Finland)....................................................................15
C. Investigative measures.............................................................................................. 16
1: questioning of the subject......................................................................................16
ECHR 17 december 1996 (Saunders v. UK).............................................................16
ECHR 12 may 2017 (Simeonovi v. Bulgaria)............................................................17
2: examination of witnesses.......................................................................................18
ECHR 16 february 2000 (Rowe & Davis v UK)..........................................................18
ECHR 16 february 2000 (Jasper v UK & Fitt v. UK)...................................................19
ECHR 30 october 1997 (Van Mechelen and Others v. The Netherlands)..................20
ECHR 15 december 2015 ( Schatschaschwili v. Germany)......................................21
3: House search.......................................................................................................... 23
ECHR 17 december 2020 (Saber v. Norway)...........................................................23
4: Wiretap................................................................................................................... 24
ECHR 24 april 1990 (Kruslin v. France)....................................................................24
ECHR 12 january 2016 (Szabo and Vissy v. Hungary)..............................................25
5: Seizure and assets freezing....................................................................................26
Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 april 2014 on the
freezin and confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of Crime in the EU.......26
Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 november 1018 on
the mutual recognition of freezin orders and confiscation orders............................27
6: DNA-testing............................................................................................................ 27
ECHR 4 december 2008 (S. and Marper v. UK)........................................................27
Council decision of 23 june 2008 on the Stpeping up of cross-border cooperation,
particularly in Combating terrorism and cross-border crime...................................28
7: Observation............................................................................................................ 28
ECHR 27 september 1995 (McCann and Others v. UK)............................................28
8: Infiltration............................................................................................................... 30
ECHR 5 februart 2008 (Ramanauskas v. Lithuania).................................................30
9: E-evidence.............................................................................................................. 31
CJEU 20 september 2022, Joined cases C-339/20 and C-397/20 ( V.D. – data-
retetion).................................................................................................................. 31
10: Judicial control over cross-border intrusive investigation measure EPPO..............33
CJEU (Grand chamber) 21 december 2023 G.K. (parquet européen).......................33
Part 4. Arrest, detention on remand and extradition.........................................................35
European convention on extradition & additional protocols (1975 & 2010)...................35
ECHR 4 september 2014 (Trabelsi v. Belgium)..............................................................35
2
, Council framework decision of 13 june 2002 on the European arrest warrant and the
surrender procedures between member states as amended by framework decision
2009/2999/JHA............................................................................................................... 35
CJEU 21 october 2010 (I.B.)........................................................................................... 35
CJEU 26 february 2013 (Melloni)....................................................................................36
CJEU 5 april 2016 (Aranyosi and Caldararu)...................................................................37
CJEU 6 september 2016 (Petruhhin)..............................................................................38
Part 5. Trial....................................................................................................................... 39
A: Fair trial..................................................................................................................... 39
ECHR 28 june 2011 (Miminoshvili v. Russia)...............................................................39
ECHR 14 may 2020 (Mraovic v. Croatia).....................................................................39
B. Language................................................................................................................... 40
Part 6. Evidence................................................................................................................ 41
A: burden of proof.......................................................................................................... 41
B. limits in using evidence............................................................................................. 41
ECHR 10 March 2009 (Bykov v. Russia)......................................................................41
ECHR 1 june 2010 (Gäfgen v. Germany).....................................................................42
ECHR 12 may 2017 (Simeonovi v. Bulgaria)...............................................................42
CJEU 6 october 2020 (Quadrature du net)..................................................................44
Part 7. Criminal sanctions................................................................................................. 46
A: legality principle........................................................................................................ 46
ECHR 22 january 2013 (Caùilleri v. Malta)..................................................................46
B: abolition of the Death penalty...................................................................................47
C: confiscation of proceeds............................................................................................ 47
d: Quality standards for ciminal sanctions.....................................................................47
CJEU january 1999 (Donatella Calfa)...........................................................................47
Directive of the parliament and the Council on the Right of Citizens of the Union and
their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the member
states......................................................................................................................... 48
E: possibility of release.................................................................................................. 48
ECHR 9 july 2013 (Vinter and Others v. UK)................................................................48
F: position of victims with regard to sanctions...............................................................50
Part 8. transfer of proceedings (commission proposal 2024)............................................51
Part 9. Judgment............................................................................................................... 52
A: quality....................................................................................................................... 52
b: international validity.................................................................................................. 52
Part 10. Remedies against in absentia convictions and appeals.......................................53
Part 11. Execution of sanctions......................................................................................... 54
A: treatment prisoners................................................................................................... 54
3
, B: preventive detention after conviction........................................................................54
ECHR 4 december 2018 (Ilnseher v. Germany)..........................................................54
c: execution of fines....................................................................................................... 54
d: cross-border execution.............................................................................................. 54
European Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced persons, additional protocol and
protocol amending the additional protocol.................................................................54
Part 12. Changes in legislation: which law applies............................................................56
ECHR 22 november 1995 (S.W. v. UK)...........................................................................56
Part 13. Obstacles to the normal course of criminal proceedings.....................................58
A: immunities................................................................................................................. 58
B: ne bis in idem............................................................................................................ 58
Convention from 19 june 1990 applying the Schengen Agreement of 14 june 1985. .58
article 50 Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union.................................58
article 4 protocol no. 7 to ECHR..................................................................................58
ECTHR 15 november 2016 (A and B v. Norway).........................................................58
CJEU (grand chamber), 20 march 2018 (Menci)..........................................................59
C: prescription............................................................................................................... 61
CJEU 5 december 2017 (M.A.S. and M.B. “Taricco II”).................................................61
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