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Anatomy Journal test questions and answers Anatomy Journal test questions and answer
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Anatomy Journal test questions and answers Anatomy Journal test questions and answer
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Anatomy Journal testquestions and answers
2025/2026
Anterior pituitary derivation
Ant. Pituitary from surface ectoderm. Ectoderm gives
surface ectoderm, neural tube and neural crest. Post.
Pituitary from neural tube neuroectoderm.
Remember:
Ectoderm divides into surface ectoderm, neuroectoderm
(of which their are neural tube neuroectoderm and neural
crest neuroectoderm).
Neural tube neuroectoderm = brain (including
neurohypophysis/aka post. pituitary), retina, optic nerve,
spinal cord
Neural crest neuroectoderm = PNS, melanocytes,
chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla, parafollicular C cells
of thyroid, pia and arachnoid, bones of skull,
odontoblasts, aorticopulmonary septum
Axillary Nerve
Supplies teres minor and deltoid and skin over lateral
shoulder
Common cardinal veins
Drain into sinus venosus. In adult, this structure is the
SVC.
Failure of urachus obliteration
, "3 weeks gestation, yolk sac forms protrusion known as
allantois that extends into urogenital sinus.
Upper part of UG sinus becomes bladder and allantois now
becomes urachus (duct bw bladder and yolk sac).
Failure of urachus obliteration before birth leads to:
1. Patent urachus (straw-colored urine discharge from
umbilicus).
2. Urachal sinus (failure of distal part of urachus to close)
w/periumbilical tenderness and purulent umbilical
discharge d/t infection.
3. Failure of central portion of urachus to close = urachal
cyst."
Femoral nerve (L2-4)
"Comes out between iliacus and psoas. Compromise from
fracture or mass involving either of these =
inability to flex thigh or extend leg and loss of sensation
to anterior thigh, medial knee and medial leg / gastroc."
Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus innervation
Superior gluteal nerve innervates the gluteus medius and
minimus. Inferior innervates the glut max.
Horseshoe kidney
Ascent limited by IMA
Melanocytes
Derived from neural crest cells
Pharyngeal arches
Stapes is derived from 2nd pharyngeal arch
Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hematoma
Compresses psoas muscle
Cause of intestinal atresia distal to duodenum
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