TEST BANK FOR COMMUNITY PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING:
Promoting the Health of Populations; 8TH EDITION BY MARY &
MELANIE
,CH01:Health: ACommunity View
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Nies: Community/Public HealthNursing, 8THEdition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE hs
1. Whichbest describes the primaryreasonthat Americans are concerned about health care?
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a. Politiciansarediscussing howto improve healthcare. hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
b. The media has provided mixed messages about theprimary care system.
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c. Our national primary care costs keep increasing. hs hs hs hs hs hs
d. The new primary care systemo ffers free services to Americans.
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-C hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>The primary reason for the focus on primary care is the constantly increasin hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
g costs, which cannot be sustained. The costs of caring for the sick accounted for the majority of es
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calating primary care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic product in 1965 t
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o 17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’ perceptions about healthc
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are; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are concerned. The new healthcare
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systemwill change the primary care access and availability, but will not necessarily be offering a
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ny free services to Americans.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Understand (Comprehension) s
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2. Anursing attendant has begun to lobbywith politicians for changes tothe primary care system. W
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hy is thisinvolvement important?
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a. Nursing attendants, as centralcharacters inseveralpopular TV series, arecurre hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
N Rmedia. I
ntly veryvisible in American hs hs hs hs hs h s
b. Nursing attendantsare primarilyresponUsi bS
l e foNr mTana g in gOt he various units inour healthcare
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system.
c. Nursing attendantsarethe largest segment ofprimary care providers. hs s
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d. Nursing attendants arethe onlygroupthat is employed both inside and outside ofhealth centers.
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-C hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>As the largest segment ofprimary care providers, nursing attendants are inf hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
ormed about the current primary care system and all the problems that result from people not see
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king care until they are desperately ill. Nursing attendants, as the American Nursing attendants
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Association (ANA) emphasize, usually believe that primary care is a right, not a privilege. Ther
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efore, nursing attendants, whose work is central toour current primary care delivery system, can
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also be instrumental in working politically to create a primary care delivery system that will me
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et health needs. While nursing attendants are in several current TV series and are employed both i
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nside and outside ofhealth centers, physicians and otherprimary care providers are as well.
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Nursing attendants are often managers, but managers often have other backgrounds, such as business admi
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nistration.
DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Understand (Comprehension) s
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3. What conclusioncan be drawn fromexamining where nursing attendants are employed?
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a. There is a trend toward consolidationo fprimary care into large centralmedical ce
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nters.
b. There is an increased emphasis oncommunity-based healthcare. hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
c. There is an obvious need to decrease primary care costs bycutting positions.
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d. Managedcare organizations (MCOs) areemploying nursing attendantsto improvecustomer s
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, relations.
ACCURATE CHOICE:-B hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>MCOs are employing nursing attendants in many capacities. Although hea hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
lth centers are closing and acute careis increasingly found in central medical centers, the same tre
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nd may be seen in an increase in neighborhood-
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based practice centers. While positions are cut in most industries, primary care isrecognized as an
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area where growth in employment is expected. However, nursing attendants are increasingly em
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ployed in communitysettings as opposed to health centers. This change reflects themove toward
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community-based care rather than health center- hs hs hs hs hs
based tertiary care. To help decreasethe continued rise in primary care costs, the increased emph
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asis is on disease prevention rather than high-cost treatment.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Understand(Comprehension) hs hs hs
4. Whichethical belief would be most helpful inthe current primary care crisis?
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a. Emphasisshould beon individualand corporation freedominthe marketplace. s
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b. Emphasis should be on individualautonomyand freedomofchoice. hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
c. Emphasisshould beonsocialjusticeand collective responsibility. s
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d. Emphasis should be onthe effectiveness oftechnologyinresolving problems. hs hs hs s
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-C hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>Public health recognizes the necessityo fcollective action in keeping the en hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
vironment safe andin egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technologyand seeki
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ng of cures within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system to protect
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and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and freedom of choice
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are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in ensuring social justice, which e
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ntitles all people to basic necessities. hs hs hs hs hs
DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) hs hs hs
5. What is the primaryproblemseen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing healthy lifes
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tyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
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a. Emphasis onother lifestyle choices, suchas not smoking and minimaluse of alco hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
hol or drugs, is also needed. hs hs hs hs hs
b. Allo fus must worktogether to make unhealthy behaviors sociallyunacceptable.
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c. Itcosts moreto make healthychoices, suchas buying and eating fresh fruits and vege
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tables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices. hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
d. Publicpolicyemphasizespersonalresponsibility but ignoressocialand en hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
vironmental changes needed for well-being. hs hs hs hs
ACCURATE CHOICE:-D hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>Althoughallresponses are accurate, the primaryproblem is the emphasis on hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
personal choicesin the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores th
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e need for community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural restraint
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s to health.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) hs hs hs
6. What responsibilitydoesthe AmericanNursing attendants Association(ANA) CodeofEt
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hics require ofthe nursing attendant beyond giving excellent care to victims?
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a. Accept longer workschedules to ensurethat professionalcare is always available hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
, to hospital clients.
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b. Recognizethe need for experienced nursing attendantsto mentornew graduat hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
esto helpincrease and expand the number of professionals available.
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c. Support health legislationto improveaccessibility and cost ofhealthcare. hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
d. Volunteerto workovertime as needed to ensure maximumqualityo fcare. s
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-C hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>The ANACode ofEthics promotes socialreform by focusing on health polic hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
y and legislationto positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code does
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not directly address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for overtime.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Analyze(Analysis) s
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7. What is the communityhealth nursing definition ofhealth?
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a. Health is a person’s goal-directed purposefulprocess towardwell- hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
being or wholeness. hs hs
b. Healthis anindividual’sphysical, mental, and socialwell- hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
being, not merelythe absence of disease or infirmity. hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
c. Health is the mutualadaptation betweena personand his or her environment in mee
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ting daily existence. hs hs
d. Healthis families and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safetyand well-being.
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-D hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>The text stresses that health is not just the result ofan individual’s choices, but c hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
hoices andactions of individuals, families, groups, and communities that lead to better health.
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DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) hs hs hs
8. Howdoescommunity health nity?
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a. Agroupofpersons living within specific geographic boundaries
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b. Agroupofpersonswho share a common identityand environment
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c. Agroupofpersons who worktogether to meet commongoals
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d. Agroupofpersons who resolve a communityconcern
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-B hs
HYPOTHESIS:>>>Community health nursing attendants work with both geopolitical groups hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs h s
(within specific geographic boundaries) and phenomenological groups (who have a common id
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entitybased on culture, history, or goals). Aparticular phenomenological group mayor may not ha
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ve been a plannedgroup—
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that is, a group that came together to resolve a recognized common problem or to meet a common
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goal. However, of all the choices, a group of persons who share a common identity (phenomenol
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ogical group) and environment (which implies a specific geographic setting) is the broadest and
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most complete definition.hs hs
DIFFICULT: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) hs hs hs
9. Which variable hasa major influence ona community’s health?
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a. Behavior choices made bypersons in t he community hs hs hs s
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b. Number ofprimary care providers and health centers inthe community hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs hs
c. Qualityo fthepublic safetyo fficers (police officers, firefighters, etc.) s
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d. The number and credentials ofpublic health officials in the community
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ACCURATE CHOICE:-A hs
