DNA vouwing prokaryoten
-supercoiling door topoisomerase II (gyrase)
Replicatie prokaryoot – verticale genoverdracht
,-topoisomerase ontwind DNA, helicase bindt, replicatie door DNAPIII (lead 5’-3’)
-40min chromsoom replicatie, 20min vormen nieuwe cel
-meerdere replicatievorken in vorken 1 cel (multifork) -> al weer afsplitsing -> exponentieel
Horizontale genoverdracht
Transformatie – veel in lab
-cel neemt DNA op uit omgeving (verwant) met retracing pilus of via vesicles
-bij plakken aan DNA retractie
-opname, want rijk aan bouwstoffen (C/N/P) en chromosoomintegratie
-nuclease maakt DNA enkelstrengs, RecA herkent overeenkomsten DNA -> cross-over
transformatie
,-in lab werken met bacterie die niks opneemt -> gram negatief (E. coli)
-transformatie in lab met heat shock of electroporatie
-competente cellen op ijs, plasmide toevoegen op ijs, calciumchloride brengt plasmide
bij lipopolisacharide (ladingsverschillen), dan heat shock (30s-1min), membraan
permeabel, daarna recovery op ijs, groeimedium toevoegen -> regeneratie, plating +
antibiotica die de plasmide niet hebben
Transductie via virussen (bacteriofagen)
-ook DNA materiaal van andere bacteriën
-herkenning via:
-proces homologe recombinatie (crossing-over) -> recombinante cel
, Conjugatie via pilus
-5 min voor 100kbp
-F-plasmiden (fertility) nodig die coderen voor transfer genen (Tra) die coderen voor pilus
-ongeveer 25 genen Tra
-High frequency recombination (Hfr) als F-plasmiden integreren in chromosoom
-één streng komt los van plasmide/chromosoom
HC3: DNA mutaties en herstelmechanismen
Plasmide prokaryoot
-ori -> compatibiliteit, host range en copy nummer
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller thomvd. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.95. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.