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Materialen: eigenschappen, selectie en duurzaamheid [D0R02a] Samenvatting KUL, prof: K. Van Acker $8.55
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Materialen: eigenschappen, selectie en duurzaamheid [D0R02a] Samenvatting KUL, prof: K. Van Acker

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Deze samenvatting is een uitgebreide samenvatting van het vak Materialen: eigenschappen, selectie en duurzaamheid [D0R02a]. Hierin vind je de samenvatting van de colleges gebruikmakend van de slides en extra inzichten.

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  • December 11, 2024
  • 71
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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SAMENVATTING
MATERIAALKUNDE
[D0R02A]
Prof K. Van Acker




Jules Van Echelpoel

,Inhoud
Materiaalkunde......................................................................................................................................3
Module 2: Ontwerp en materialen.....................................................................................................3
Algemene selectiestrategie:............................................................................................................5
Module 3: Grondstoffen.....................................................................................................................5
Waar grondstoffen te vinden?........................................................................................................6
Schaarste:.......................................................................................................................................7
Module 4: Stijfheid en Dichtheid........................................................................................................8
Dichtheid:.......................................................................................................................................8
Stijfheid:.........................................................................................................................................9
Module 5: Opbouw van materialen..................................................................................................17
Hiërarchische structuur van een materiaal...................................................................................17
De atoomstructuur.......................................................................................................................17
Interatomaire binding...................................................................................................................18
Atoomstapeling.............................................................................................................................20
Fysische achtergrond dichtheid en E-modulus..............................................................................22
Module 6: Sterkte.............................................................................................................................23
Spanning-rek Curves:....................................................................................................................23
Ontwerpen met sterkte:...............................................................................................................25
Module 7: Defecten in materialen....................................................................................................28
Fouten in kristalroosters...............................................................................................................28
Sterkte manipuleren:....................................................................................................................29
Module 8: Breuk...............................................................................................................................33
Fundamenten breukgedrag:.........................................................................................................33
Statistische verdeling van de sterkte bij brosse materialen:.........................................................36
Case study – drukvat:....................................................................................................................38
Module 9: Vermoeiing......................................................................................................................38
Beschrijven van vermoeiingsgedag:..............................................................................................38
Wetten:.........................................................................................................................................39
Module 10: Thermische eigenschappen...........................................................................................42
Fysische achtergrond:...................................................................................................................43
Toepassingen:...............................................................................................................................44
Module 11: Elektrische eigenschappen............................................................................................45
Toepassingen en ontwerpen:........................................................................................................47
Module 12: Materiaalverwerking.....................................................................................................47

p.1

, Selectie verwerkingsmethodes:....................................................................................................48
Kostenmodel:................................................................................................................................49
Module 13: Milieu-impact van materialen.......................................................................................53
Milieu-impacten levenscyclus:......................................................................................................53
Module 14: Levenscyclusanalyse......................................................................................................56
Levenscyclus methode:.................................................................................................................57
Module 15: Circulaire economie.......................................................................................................62
Strategieën:..................................................................................................................................62
Recyclage:.....................................................................................................................................64
Examen.................................................................................................................................................70




p.2

, Materiaalkunde
Module 2: Ontwerp en materialen




 Vorm, Materiaal en Proces staan centraal bij elk product

Materiaaleigenschappen:

 Stijf (slap): Doorbuigend vermogen (E)
 Sterk (zwak): permanente vervorming
 Taai (bros): hoe snel iets breekt (K lc)
 Zwaar (licht): dichtheid (P)

Thermische materiaaleigenschappen:

 Gebruikstemperatuur (Tmax)
 Thermische expansie (alpha)
 Geleidbaarheid (lambda)
 Diffusiviteit: hoe snel warmt iets op (a)

Zo nog veel meer eigenschappen zoals chemisch, ecologisch, magnetisch…

Materiaalfamilies:




 Metalen: Stijf, brede waaier aan dichtheden, onderhevig aan corrosie
 Keramieken: Hard maar Bros, Hoge T eigenschappen en corrosie bestendig
 Glazen: transparant, bros
 Polymeren: Lage stijfheid, lage gebruikstemperatuur, licht

p.3

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